摘要
嫩江流经黑龙江省、吉林省和内蒙古自治区,其冰封期(秋冬)和非冰封期(春夏)的水温以及地表径流差异较大,但目前关于嫩江冰封期和非冰封期省界缓冲区的水质系统评价方面的工作还未见报道。本文统计了嫩江支流和干流上15个监测点2007~2017年(每年12个月)的11项水质指标数据(共计21780个数据),应用聚类分析、主成分分析(PCA)和相关性分析方法,对嫩江流域省界缓冲区的冰封期和非冰封期水质状况进行了系统评价。结果表明,嫩江流域省界缓冲区的水质整体较好,部分地区水质相对较差。受沿岸城镇建设和农业生产的影响,嫩江流域水质呈上游优于下游、支流优于干流下游的空间分布规律。PCA结果表明,影响嫩江水质最重要的因素是BOD5、氨氮和总磷(TP)。相关性分析结果表明,冰封期的BOD5、COD和高锰酸钾指数之间的相关性高于非冰封期,说明冬季嫩江水中有机物以不可生物降解为主,这可能是由东北地区的黑土壤中腐殖酸引起的。根据本研究结果推测,目前对嫩江流域省界缓冲区产生影响的主要是面源污染。
Nen River flows through Heilongjiang Province, Jilin Province and Inner Mongolia. The water temperature and flow are dynamic greatly between frozen period(autumn and winter) and non-frozen period(spring and summer). However, there was less study that has been focused on assessing water quality of boundary region of Nen River basin. 11 water parameters of 15 monitoring points on the tributaries and main stream of Nen River in 11 years(12 months per year) from 2007 to 2017(totally 21780 data) were selected in this study. The cluster analysis, principal component analysis(PCA) and correlation analysis were applied in this study for assessing the water quality of boundary region of Nen River basin. The results showed that the water quality of boundary region of Nen River basin was in good level except for a few sampling points. The water quality of Nen River basin was affected by city construction and agriculture actirities. It showed the space distributing principle that water quality of upstream was better than downstream, water quality of tributary was better than downstream of main stream. The PCA results showed that the major factors influencing the water quality were BOD5, ammonium and total phosphate(TP). Correlation analysis results showed that the correlations between BOD5, COD and permanganate index(CODMn) were higher in frozen period than in non-frozen period, which indicated that the un-biodegradable organic matters were dominant in Nen River. This might be caused by humic acid in black soil in northeast region of China. The present study speculated that non-point pollution might be the major source influencing water quality of boundary region of Nen River basin.
作者
聂长旭
刘莹
郑国臣
张多英
周轩宇
李洪杨
闫妍
NIE Changxu;LIU Ying;ZHENG Guochen;ZHANG Duoying;ZHOU Xuanyu;LI Hongyang;YAN Yan(School of Civil Engineering,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080,China;Songliao River Basin Administration of Water Resources Protection,Changchun 130021,China)
出处
《黑龙江大学自然科学学报》
CAS
2020年第3期333-339,共7页
Journal of Natural Science of Heilongjiang University
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51608149)
黑龙江省自然科学基金资助项目(LH2019E074)
博士后研究人员落户黑龙江科研启动资助项目(BHL-Q18106)。
关键词
嫩江
省界缓冲区
水质评价
聚类分析
主成分分析
相关性分析
Nen River
boundary region
water quality assessment
clustering analysis
principal component analysis
correlation analysis
