摘要
【目的】确定在云南兰坪铅锌矿周边污染农田种植万寿菊的最佳密度。【方法】种植万寿菊F1品种,研究不同种植密度(27 800、33 300、41 700和55 600株/hm^2)对万寿菊生长和镉铅累积特征的影响。【结果】(1)万寿菊生物量以茎部最大;镉含量在盛花期表现为茎>根>叶≈花,在成熟期表现为根≈茎>叶>花;铅含量在盛花期和成熟期表现为根≈叶>茎>花;镉铅主要累积在茎部。(2) 4个种植密度下,万寿菊单株生物量、单株镉铅含量以27 800和33 300株/hm^2种植密度最大,单位面积镉铅累积量以55 600株/hm^2最大。(3)土壤镉的化学形态以可氧化态和弱酸提取态为主;土壤铅的化学形态以可氧化态、可还原态和残渣态为主;万寿菊镉铅含量与土壤镉铅化学形态间的相关性不显著(P>0.05)。【结论】万寿菊可用于云南高原铅锌矿区污染农田的替代种植,为矿区污染农田的农业安全利用提供新方法。
[Purpose]To determine the optimal density for planting marigold in a heavy metals polluted farmland around a lead-zinc mine, Lanping County, Yunnan Province.[Method]A marigold variety F1 was planted to study the effects of different planting densities(27 800, 33 300, 41 700 and55 600 plants/hm^2) on the growth and the accumulation characteristics of cadmium and lead in marigold.[Result](1) The stem biomass was the largest among marigold plant. The cadmium content in marigold was stem>root>leaf≈flower at the flowering stage, as well as root≈stem>leaf>flower at the maturity stage. The lead content in marigold was root≈leaf>stem>flower at the flowering and maturity stages. Cadmium and lead were mainly accumulated in the stem.(2) For the four planting densities, the biomass per plant and the cadmium and lead content per plant were the highest at 27 800 and 33 300 plants/hm^2, and the accumulation of cadmium and lead per unit area was 55 600 plants/hm^2.(3) The chemical forms of cadmium are mainly oxidizable and acid extractable, and the chemical forms of lead are mainly oxidizable, reducible and residual in soil. But there was no significant correlation between cadmium and lead content in marigold with chemical forms of cadmium and lead in soil.[Conclusion]Marigold can be used for alternative planting on the polluted farmland in the lead-zinc mining area of Yunnan Plateau, and providing a new method for agricultural safe use of polluted farmland in the mining area.
作者
孙进博
药栋
赵红艳
梅茜
蔡奇林
湛方栋
李天国
李元
SUN Jinbo;YAO Dong;ZHAO Hongyan;MEI Xi;CAI Qilin;ZHAN Fangdong;LI Tianguo;LI Yuan(College of Resources and Environment,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;School of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences,Qujing Normal College,Qujing 655011,China;Agricultural Integrated Service Center of Dapo Town,Zhanyi District,Qujing 655333,China;Soil and Fertilizer Workstation of Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Zhanyi District,Qujing 655331,China)
出处
《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第4期673-681,共9页
Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science
基金
云南省重点研发项目(2018BB017,2019BC001-04)
云南省中青年学术和技术带头人后备人才培养项目(2018HB043)。
关键词
万寿菊
种植密度
重金属
替代种植
大田试验
marigold
planting density
heavy metals
alternative planting
field trial
