摘要
【目的】研究3种学化调控剂对夏玉米光合特性、灌浆期和籽粒含水量的影响,为促进黄淮海夏玉米区夏玉米籽粒机械收获提供理论依据和技术支持。【方法】以夏玉米品种隆平206为材料,采用随机区组试验,于散粉后35 d分别用乙醇、乙烯利和敌草快对玉米植株进行处理,以等量清水为对照(CK);在喷施化学调控剂后5 d,使用手持式叶绿素仪测定穗位叶叶绿素SPAD值,使用光合仪测定穗位叶净光合速率;生理成熟后,记录灌浆期周天数,用烘干法测定玉米籽粒含水量,并对产量进行测定。【结果】(1)与CK相比,喷施乙醇未显著降低玉米的穗位叶叶绿素含量、光合速率和产量(P>0.05),但显著降低了成熟期玉米籽粒含水量(P<0.05),并缩短了玉米的灌浆期;(2)喷施乙烯利和敌草快均显著降低了玉米的穗位叶叶绿素含量、光合速率和产量(P<0.05),缩短了玉米的灌浆期;喷施敌草快显著降低了玉米籽粒含水量(P<0.05),但喷施乙烯利处理并未显著降低玉米籽粒含水量(P>0.05)。【结论】综合产量和籽粒含水量2个关键指标,10%乙醇可以作为促进玉米籽粒脱水的化学调控剂在黄淮海夏玉米区进行应用。
[Purpose]The effects of three chemical regulators on the photosynthetic characteristics,filling period and grain water content of summer maize were revealed, which to promote the mechanical harvesting of summer maize kernels in the Huang-Huai-Hai region.[Method]A randomized block experiment was conducted to determine the grain yield which used ‘Longping 206’ as the test material, a summer maize variety which widely planted in this area. The maize plants were treated with the ethanol, ethrel and diquat on the 35th day after flowering, and the control groups were treated with same volume water(CK). The SPAD value was measured by hand-held chlorophyll meter and the net photosynthetic rate was measured by photosynthetic meter on the 5th day after three chemical regulators spraying for ear leaf of maize. The days of filling period was recorded and the moisture content of maize grain was determined by the drying method after physiological maturity, and the yield was determined in the same time. [Result](1) Compared with the CK, the ethanol spray did not significantly reduce the chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate of ear leaf and the yield in summer maize(P>0.05), but grain water content of the ethanol treatment was significantly(P<0.05) reduced and the filling period of maize was shortened.(2) Compared with the CK, the chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate of ear leaf and yield in summer maize were significantly(P<0.05) reduced by the ethrel treatment and the diquat treatment, while the filling period of summer maize was shorted significantly(P<0.05). The grain water content of summer maize was significantly reduced by spraying diquat(P<0.05), but the ethrel treatment could not significantly reduced than the CK(P>0.05).[Conclusion]Considered two key indicators for yield and grain water content, 10% concentration of ethanol could be used as a chemical regulator to promote dehydration of summer maize kernels in Huang-Huai-Hai region.
作者
王成雨
朱紫薇
章鑫
朱英华
李晓玉
程备久
WANG Chengyu;ZHU Ziwei;ZHANG Xin;ZHU Yinghua;LI Xiaoyu;CHENG Beijiu(School of Agronomy,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China;School of Life Science,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China)
出处
《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第4期591-595,共5页
Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300306)
安徽农业大学SRT项目(XJDC2018212)。
关键词
夏玉米
化学调控剂
光合特性
灌浆期
籽粒含水量
summer maize
chemical regulators
photosynthetic characteristics
filling period
grain water content
