摘要
新一轮集体林权制度改革通过明晰产权,使农户成为林业生产经营的主体。以林权流转为主的配套改革,试图通过扩大农户林地经营规模,达到优化生产要素配置的目的。尽管学者们注意到林业规模化经营的形成除了需要政府在制度上给出外部环境诱因,还与农户自身禀赋等内部因素有关,但是很少探究农户林业经营方式的选择机制,尤其是在当前允许林地使用权和经营权转让的林权多元化时期,农户做出经营选择的条件被忽视了。文章以林毅夫的农户生产模型为基础,通过对加入制度参数的农户个体收入模型进行静态比较分析,阐明现行林业政策倡导的由家庭生产向规模经营转变中,农户从事林业生产的劳动努力程度及其林地经营是否具有规模收益的重要性。继而采用浙江省重点林区实际调查数据,利用两期农户生产函数估计农户劳动的努力程度。最后利用边际土地生产率模型对理论分析进行验证。研究发现,具有规模收益递增的农户倾向于集体规模生产;不具有规模收益的农户倾向于家庭生产;劳动努力程度高的农户更倾向于家庭生产。因此,在现行体制下,制定和推行林业政策要与农户自身的劳动努力程度和其林地规模收益性相一致,在提倡转让林地和加入林业专业合作社的同时,社会化的专业服务也应与农民的林地生产决策相配合。
The new round of collective forest tenure reform makes farmers in forest area become the main body of forestry production and management by clarifying property rights.The supporting reform mainly focuses on the circulation of forest rights,trying to optimize the allocation of production factors by expanding the scale of forest land management of farmers.Although scholars have noticed that the formation of large-scale forestry management is not only related to the external environment incentives provided by the government,but also related to the internal factors such as farmers’own endowment.However,few researches have been made on the choice mechanism of farmers’forestry management pattern,especially in the current period of diversification of forest tenure that allow the rights transfer of forest land,the conditions for farmers to make management choices have been ignored.Based on Lin Yifu’s model of farmers’production,this paper makes a comparative static analysis of the individual income model of farmers with system parameters,and clarifies the labor effort of farmers engaged in forestry production and the importance of forest land management in the transformation from family pattern of management to scale management advocated by current forestry policies.Then,based on the actual survey data of forest areas in Zhejiang Province,we use the two-stage production function to estimate the labor effort of farmers.Finally,the marginal land productivity model is used to verify the theoretical analysis.The results show that the farmers with increasing returns to scale tend to collective pattern of management;the farmers without returns to scale tend to family pattern of management;the farmers with high labor efforts tend to family pattern of management.Therefore,under the current system,the formulation and implementation of forestry policies should be consistent with the labor efforts of farmers themselves and the scale profitability of their forest land.While advocating the transfer of forest land and joining
作者
刘林
吴大瑜
王景才
王宇华
孙洪刚
Liu Lin;Wu Dayu;Wang Jingcai;Wang Yuhua;Sun Honggang(School of Economics and Management,China Jiliang University,Hangzhou 310018;Bureau of Natural Resources and Planning of Qingyuan County,Qingyuan 323800;East China Forest Inventory and Planning Institute,NFGA,Hangzhou 310019;Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Hangzhou 311400)
出处
《林业经济》
北大核心
2020年第4期56-64,共9页
Forestry Economics
基金
国家重点研发计划“杉木速生材优化栽培技术研究”(编号:2016YFD0600302-2)。
关键词
集体林
农户
林地规模经营
经营方式
collective forest
farmer household
forest land scale management
management pattern
