摘要
人口转型带来的老龄化和人力资本提升在全球都呈现出不平衡发展态势,由此引发的劳动力数量结构与质量结构的变化必然会深刻影响全球经济生态。从国际分工体系演变的进程来看,比较优势与国与国之间技术的差异仍然是改变价值链分工方式和贸易结构的重要推动力量。人口转型带来的劳动要素、资本要素的变化势必将通过影响一国的要素禀赋优势,进而影响生产、贸易结构和国际分工地位。作为不可扭转的趋势,人口转型给发展中国家带来的机遇大于挑战,明晰人口转型影响国际分工的具体机制,对于发展中国家因势利导,在新一轮国际分工调整中重塑竞争新优势意义重大。
Aging and human capital upgrading brought about by population transformation are showing an unbalanced development trend across the world.The resulting changes in the quantity and quality structure of the labor force will inevitably have a profound impact on the global economic ecosystem.From the perspective of the evolution process of the international division of labor system,comparative advantage and technological differences between countries are still the important driving forces for changing the value-chain division of labor and the trade structure.The changes in the labor and capital factors due to population transformation are bound to affect a country’s factor endowment advantage,and then affect its production,trade structure and status in international division of labor.As an irreversible trend,population transformation is more of an opportunity than a challenge to the developing countries.Clarifying the specific mechanism about how it affects the international division of labor is of great significance to the developing countries in terms of making use of the situation and fostering new competitive advantages in the new round of adjustment of international division of labor.
出处
《学术前沿》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第11期58-65,共8页
Frontiers
关键词
人口转型
老龄化
国际分工
population transformation
aging
international division of labor
