摘要
农业技术进步在保障我国粮食安全、促进农业和国民经济长期可持续发展方面发挥了重要作用。技术进步理论最早可以追溯至斯密关于分工促进经济增长的思想。20世纪50年代,新古典增长理论开始对广义技术进步率进行量化和测算,随后的内生增长理论又将技术进步内生化,对技术进步率进行了更准确的测度。在农业领域,诱致性技术创新理论、农业踏车理论、现代农业和人力资本理论以及农业发展阶段与资源互补论均试图从理论上解释技术进步与农业增长的关系。在农业技术进步测算方面,主要有索洛余值和生产函数法、指数法、数据包络分析和随机前沿分析。新中国成立70年以来,国内外学者基于不同方法对我国农业技术进步及其贡献率进行了大量实证研究,总结了宝贵经验。然而,相关实证研究存在与经济增长理论脱节、测量方法和投入产出变量选取不当等问题,亟待改进和完善。
Agricultural technological progress has played an important role in ensuring national food security and promoting long-term sustainable development of agriculture and the whole economy inChina. The theory of technological progress can be traced back to Smith's thought of division of labor topromote economic growth. In the 1950s, neoclassical growth theory began to quantify and measure therate of technological progress, and then the endogenous growth theory improved the estimationmethod. In the field of agriculture, induced innovation theory, agricultural treadmill theory, humancapital theory, and stage theory of agricultural development all try to explain the relationship betweentechnological progress and agricultural growth. In the measurement of agricultural technologicalprogress, there are four methods: Solow residual method, index method, data envelopment analysis andstochastic frontier analysis. In the past 70 years, scholars have conducted a lot of empirical research onagricultural technological progress and its contribution to agricultural growth based on different meth・ods. Future studies can put more effort on the connection between theoretical and empirical studies, theselection of methodologies, and the measurement of inputs and outputs.
作者
龚斌磊
张书睿
王硕
袁菱苒
GONG Binlei;ZHANG Shurui;WANG Shuo;YUAN Lingran
出处
《农业经济问题》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第6期11-29,共19页
Issues in Agricultural Economy
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(编号:71903172)
教育部人文社会科学研究项目(编号:18YJC790034)
浙江省软科学研究计划重点项目(编号:2020C25020)
钱江人才计划(编号:QJC1902008),之江青年学者课题。
关键词
农业技术进步
经济增长理论
农业生产函数
农业生产率
Agricultural technological progress
Economic growth theory
Agricultural production function
Agricultural total factor productivity
