摘要
1947年,南京国民政府正式颁布并实施了《中华民国宪法》,从立法层面确立了法律面前人人平等的原则,终结了传统社会"差序格局"的身份制度。然而,传统法律让位于现代法律,并不意味着传统社会同步让位于现代法律实践。一方面,民国新会刑事诉状与侦审笔录中各种类型等级身份符号(如"民"与"氏")俯拾即是,另一方面,具有平等意义的法律化称谓与独立主体符号(如"自诉人""声请人""我")竞相登场。这一特征出现的原因有三:首先,最根本的原因在于中国传统社会"差序格局"这一深层文化结构的惯性力量;其次,在于民国转型时期司法政治场域的"大环境"与"小环境";最后,在于身份符号言说的语境与作者的微观权力技术。然而,不管传统社会等级身份符号如何惯性并存,国民平等的社会身份的法律实践已经角力启航。
In 1947,Nanjing National Government formally enacted and implemented the Constitution of the Republic of China,established the principle that all people were equal before the law at the legislative level,and ended the identity system of"the differential mode of association"in China’s traditional society.However,the fact that traditional law gave way to modern law does not mean that traditional society synchronously gave way to modern legal practice.On the one hand,all kinds of hierarchical identity symbols(such as"min"and"shi")in the criminal indictment,police records and court records in Xinhui in the Republic of China were commonly seen.On the other hand,the legal discourse with the meaning of equality and the independent subject symbols(such as"private prosecutor""petitioner"and"I")appeared.There are three reasons for the appearance of this phenomenon:first of all,the most fundamental reason lies in the habit-forming force of the deep cultural structure of the"the differential mode of association"in Chinese traditional society;secondly,it lies in the"Overall Environment"and"Local Environment"in the fields of judicial politics during the transformation period of the Republic of China;thirdly,it also lies in the speaking context of identity symbols and the author’s micro-power technology.However,although the hierarchical identity symbols of traditional society existed,the legal practice of the equal social identity of citizens had started.
出处
《地方立法研究》
2020年第4期29-48,共20页
Local Legislation Journal
关键词
身份符号
刑事档案
差序格局
司法政治场域
语境与作者
identify symbols
criminal archives
the differential mode of association
the field of judicial politics
context and author
