摘要
目的了解2010-2018年绵阳市流行性感冒(流感)流行特征,为制定绵阳市流感防控策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对2010-2018年绵阳市哨点医院流感样病例(ILI)监测资料和病原学监测结果进行分析。结果绵阳市ILI就诊百分比(ILI%)和流感标本阳性检出率分布时间均有冬春季和夏季2个高峰。2010-2018年绵阳市共报告ILI86579例,年平均ILI%为1.47%;采集ILI标本15721份,其中阳性标本2300份,阳性率为14.63%,其中新甲H1型644份(28.00%),A(H3)型944份(41.04%),B-Yamagata(BY)型376份(16.35%),B-Victoria(BV)型241份(10.48%);14岁以下年龄组ILI构成比和阳性标本检出率最高;共报告3起ILI暴发疫情,均发生在学校。结论绵阳市ILI%与流感病毒活动趋势基本一致,14岁以下年龄组为重点防控人群,学校是重点防控场所,各年份新甲H1型、A(H3)型、BV型、BY型流感毒株交替出现,呈现出此消彼长的流行态势,总体上甲型流感病毒流行强度高于B型流感病毒。应根据流感的流行特征,加强宣传教育,特别是易感人群,应提高其防病意识,积极接种流感疫苗,建立有效的免疫屏障。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Mianyang City from 2010 to 2018,and provide the scientific basis for the prevention of influenza.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were conducted for analyzing sentinel hospitals influenza-like illness(ILI)surveillance data and pathogen surveillance data in Mianyang City from2010 to 2018.Results From 2010 to 2018,there were two peaks in winter and summer in both percentage of influenza cases(ILI%)and positive detection rate of influenza samples.86579 cases of ILI were reported in Mianyang City,with an annual average ILI%of1.47%.15721 samples of ILI were collected,and 2300 specimens were positive,with a rate of 14.63%,including 644(28.00%)of the new type A H1,944(41.04%)of A(H3),376(16.35%)of type B-Yamagata(BY),241(10.48%)of type B-Victoria(BV).The proportion of ILI and the detection rate of positive specimens were the highest in the group under 14 years old.3 outbreaks of ILI were reported,which were all occurred in schools.Conclusion The percent of influenza-like illness prevalenceis consistent with the trend of influenza virus activity in Mianyang City.Children under 14 years old are the main population for prevention and control,and the school is the key place for prevention and control.The new influenza A H1,A(H3),BV and BY strains appear alternately in each year,showing a trend of ebb and flow.The epidemic intensity of influenza A virus in the whole body is higher than that of influenza B virus.It is suggested to strengthen publicity and education according to the epidemic characteristics of influenza.Especially for the susceptible population,it’s impertant to improving their awareness of disease prevention,encourage them to be vaccinated actively,and establishing an effective immune barrier.
作者
文艳
陈果
杨小蓉
王学军
李永清
WEN Yan;CHEN Guo;YANG Xiao-rong;WANG Xue-jun;LI Yong-qing(Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control,Mianyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Mianyang Sichuan,621000,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2020年第8期1075-1078,共4页
Occupation and Health
