摘要
为了明确山东省小麦育种现状及发展趋势,本研究对近6年(2014-2019年)山东省小麦高产区试459个参试品种的产量及农艺性状进行分析。结果表明:近年山东省高产区试参试品种产量达到较高水平,产量的变化主要呈现为年际间波动,产量与每公顷穗数、穗粒数、千粒重呈极显著正相关,三者对产量的贡献为每公顷穗数>穗粒数>千粒重,三者之间的关系是两两负相关。每公顷穗数和最高总茎数总体呈增加趋势,而穗粒数、千粒重和株高总体呈降低趋势,生育期和容重变化不大。综合分析认为,中多穗小麦品种更适合山东省气候和生产条件,选育每公顷穗数700万~800万、穗粒数35粒左右、千粒重40~50 g、株高80 cm左右的小麦品种更容易实现高产稳产。
In order to clarify the present status and development tendency of wheat breeding in Shandong Province,the grain yield and agronomic traits of 459 tested varieties from high-yield wheat regional experiments of Shandong Province from 2014 to 2019 were analyzed in the study.The results showed that the grain yield of tested varieties had reached higher level in recent years,whose variation mainly presented fluctuation trend among years.Meanwhile,the grain yield had significantly correlations with spike number per hectare,grain number per spike and 1000-grain weight,and their contribution to yield showed as spike number per hectare>grain number per spike>1000-grain weight,but they were negatively correlated with each other.The spike number per hectare and the maximum tiller number showed increasing trend overall,however,the grain number per spike,1000-grain weight and plant height decreased,while the growth period and volume weight changed slightly.Based on the above results,middle multiple-spike wheat varieties were more suitable for the climate and production conditions in Shandong Province;breeding wheat varieties with 7~8 million ears per hectare,about 35 grains per ear,1000-grain weight as 40~50 g and plant height as about 80 cm were easier to achieve the goals of high and stable grain yield.
作者
黄兴蛟
李思同
郭凤芝
林坤
刘凤洲
郭凌云
Huang Xingjiao;Li Sitong;Guo Fengzhi;Lin Kun;Liu Fengzhou;Guo Lingyun(Heze Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Heze 274000,China)
出处
《山东农业科学》
2020年第6期1-7,共7页
Shandong Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家研发计划七大农作物育种专项“抗病抗逆新品种培育”(2017YFD0100604)
国家小麦产业技术体系项目(CARS-3-2-20)
山东省现代农业产业技术体系小麦创新团队项目(SDAIT-04-022-16)
山东省重点研发计划项目“小麦品质全产业链关键技术提升与示范”(2018YFJH0620)。
关键词
小麦
高产育种
农艺性状
相关性
山东省
Wheat
High-yield breeding
Agronomic traits
Correlation
Shandong Province
