摘要
结合光杠杆测量微小伸长量的光学原理,详细分析了静态拉伸法测量金属丝杨氏弹性模量的实验中,光杠杆镜面初始不竖直对光杠杆放大率造成的影响.分析结果表明,随着光杠杆镜面初始时与竖直方向夹角的增大,其放大率与传统教材中的放大率公式相比,将非线性地增加,进而对金属丝杨氏弹性模量的测量精度造成影响.最后给出了降低此影响的实验仪器调节步骤建议.如采用新增加的仪器调节建议,可将金属丝杨氏弹性模量测量精度的影响降低到1‰以内.
Based on the optical principle of optical lever,this paper analyzed the influence of the initial misalignment of optical lever mirror on the magnification in the experiment of Young modulus measurement.The results showed that,with the increase of the initial angle between the optical lever mirror and the vertical direction,the magnification of the optical lever would increase nonlinearly compared with the magnification formula in the traditional textbook,which would affect the measurement accuracy of Young modulus of metal wire.Finally,some suggestions on the adjustment steps to reduce the influence were given.If the suggestions were adopted,the influence on the measurement accuracy of Young modulus could be reduced to less than 1/1000.
作者
常相辉
魏云
刘其军
贾欣燕
樊代和
CHANG Xiang-hui;WEI Yun;LIU Qi-jun;JIA Xin-yan;FAN Dai-he(National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education(Southwest Jiaotong University),Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 611756,China;School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China)
出处
《物理实验》
2020年第6期18-21,共4页
Physics Experimentation
