摘要
母亲的受教育水平对儿童的健康发展具有重要影响,但鲜有研究针对其影响路径进行深入分析。本文基于1991-2015年中国营养与健康调查数据,利用母亲的兄弟姐妹个数作为母亲受教育水平的工具变量,采用两阶段最小二乘法(2SLS),探讨了母亲受教育水平对儿童健康的影响及其路径。研究表明,母亲受教育水平每提高1年,儿童的年龄别身高Z评分和年龄别体重Z评分分别平均显著提高0.129和0.14个标准差,具体来说,5岁儿童身高和体重对应是提高约0.6厘米和0.3千克。使用九年义务教育的实施作为母亲受教育水平的工具变量时,结果仍然稳健。影响路径的研究结果说明,母亲的受教育水平可通过提高其膳食知识水平和家庭资产指数来影响其儿童的健康发展。进一步的异质性分析发现,农村母亲受教育水平对家庭资产指数和儿童健康的影响显著大于城市,但对膳食知识水平的影响不存在城乡差异。基于以上分析,提高女性的教育投入,尤其是农村女性的教育投入可以显著改善儿童的健康状况。
Mother’s educational attainment has an important impact on children's development,but few studies have conducted in-depth analysis of their impact paths.Based on the the data of 1991-2015 China Nutrition and Health Survey and by the method of two-stage least squares(2SLS),this paper explores the impact of mother’s educational attainment on children's health and its path.The result shows that for every one year of improvement in the mother's education attainment,the child's height-for-age Z score and weight-for age-Z score are significantly increased by 0.129 and 0.14 standard deviations respectively.Specifically,the height and weight of the 5-year-old child are increased by about 0.6cm and 0.3kg.When using the implementation of nine-year compulsory education as an instrumental variable for mother’s educational attainment,the results is robust to our finding.The pathway analysis indicate that mother's educational attainment effect the children's health by improving their dietary knowledge and family assets index.Further analysis of heterogeneity found that the impact of rural mothers'educational attainment on family assets index and children's health was significantly greater than that of cities,but there was no urban-rural difference in the impact on dietary knowledge.Based on the above analysis,improving women's education investment,especially the investment to rural women,can significantly improve children's health.
作者
冯群娣
何勤英
李强
Feng Qun-di;He Qin-ying;Li Qiang(College of Economics and Management,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642;Public Administration School,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006)
出处
《南方人口》
CSSCI
2020年第3期46-59,共14页
South China Population
基金
国家自然科学基金项目:农村户籍大学生就业现状及其影响机制研究——基于微观数据的空间计量和样本选择模型的实证分析(71573092)。
关键词
健康
受教育水平
p主成分法
工具变量
膳食知识
家庭资产指数
Health
Education Attainment
P Principal Component Method
Instrumental Variables
Dietary Knowledge
FamilyAssets Index
