摘要
2015—2019年冬季,采用固定样线法对嘉陵江中游南部段水鸟资源进行调查,共观察到水鸟28种,分属于7目9科。优势种有斑嘴鸭Anas poecilorhyncha、红嘴鸥Larus ridibundus和普通鸬鹚Phalacrocorax carbo 3种,占观察鸟类个体总数的50.87%,属于四川省重点保护的鸟类有5种;居留类型以冬候鸟为主,共21种,占总种数的75%;区系以古北界为主,占64.29%。在连续5年的调查中,2019年冬季的水鸟多样性最高,共有24种,其Shannon-Winner指数和Pielou指数分别为2.47和0.78;2016年的水鸟多样性最低,仅有鸟类13种,其Shannon-Winner指数和Pielou指数分别为1.70和0.66。分析表明,人为干扰是引起水鸟多样性变化的主要因素。南部县河东镇红岩子大坝下游为省级保护水鸟普通鸬鹚的重要栖息地,因此建议政府及相关部门,在红岩子大坝至南部嘉陵江大桥这一区域建立水鸟保护小区。
Surveys on wintering waterfowl resources in Nanbu section of the middle reaches of Jialing river have been conducted from 2015 to 2019 with the method of fixed transects.The observed waterfowls have reached 28 species,belonging to 9 families and 7 orders.Indian spot-billed duck,common black-headed gull and common cormorant are the three dominant species that account for 50.87%of the total number of birds observed,including 5 species categorized as Key Protected Birds of Sichuan Province.Winter migratory birds of 21 species are the main residence type,accounting for 75%of the total.The species of palaearctic realm account for 64.29%of the fauna composition.During the five consecutive years of surveys,it is found that the highest diversity of wintering waterfowls with 24 species is in 2019,and its Shannon-winner index and Pielou index are respectively 2.47 and 0.78 while the lowest diversity with 13 species is in 2016,and its Shannon-winner index and Pielou index are 1.70 and 0.66,respectively.The analysis shows that human disturbance is the main factor that leads to the diversity change of waterfowls.The lower reaches of Hongyanzi dam in Hedong town of Nanbu county is an important habitats for common cormorants,a provincial protected bird.It is suggested that the government and related departments should establish a waterbird protection community between Hongyanzi dam and Jialing river bridge in Nanbu county for the protection of this species.
作者
陈红
李艳红
杨琬婧
魏永
胡杰
CHEN Hong;LI Yanhong;YANG Wanjing;WEI Yong;HU Jie(College of Life Sciences,China West Normal University,Nanchong Sichuan 637009,China;Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation of the Ministry of Education,China West Normal University,Nanchong Sichuan 637009,China)
出处
《西华师范大学学报（自然科学版）》
2020年第2期134-140,共7页
Journal of China West Normal University(Natural Sciences)
基金
西华师范大学英才基金项目(17YC024)
川东湿地资源调查[川林发(2012)]。
关键词
嘉陵江中游
南部
水鸟
多样性
人为干扰
Jialing river
Nanbu
waterfowl
diversity
human disturbance
