摘要
本文认为,华为作为一家民营企业却拥有着最先进的生产力,推行着以全员持有虚拟股权的集体劳动激励制度,并共同分享企业剩余的分配方式这一现象,体现了社会主义经济实践过程中的中国特色,也是习近平新时代中国特色社会主义经济思想的实践基础。为此,本文首先提出,华为的员工持股制度具有中国特色民营企业的特点:一是实施了全员持股,并通过工会联合持有股权,员工以虚拟股权形式分享企业利润的途径,实现真正意义上的劳动激励;二是在全员持股实践过程中推行了多元分层、有机系统的劳动激励形式,即依次对技术劳动、管理劳动、运营劳动三个层面进行整体激励的同时,也分层进行重点激励。其次,认为华为员工持股制度通过劳动激励所形成的吸入机制、集体机制、累积机制及退出机制在其运行和作用过程中,也相应形成了企业创新力。其中,员工持股制度使企业人才吸入机制更有效,从而形成对创新劳动的较强吸引力;员工持股制度促进了企业创新集体劳动机制的生成,进而推进了企业的集体创新力;员工持股制度还发展了企业创新劳动的累积机制,从而保持着企业创新的持续力。此外,华为员工持股制度所具有的退出机制,保证了企业创新发展的代谢力,这四种力量共同促进了企业创新力,推动了华为企业不断创新与发展。
The phenomenon that HUAWEI enterprise,as a private enterprise,has the most competitive productivity by means of implementing the collective labor incentive system with the virtual ownership of the employees and the distribution mode of sharing the surplus of the enterprise reflects the Chinese characteristics in the process of socialist economic practice,and also the practical basis of Xi Jinping’s socialist economic thoughts with Chinese characteristics in the new era.For this reason,this paper starts with proposing that Huawei’s ESOP(employee stock ownership system)embodies the features of private enterprises with Chinese characteristics:first,it implements the means of ESOP,employees hold shares jointly through the union and share the profits of the enterprise in the form of virtual shares,realizing the real labor incentives;second,it implements the multi-level and organic system of labor incentives in the process of ESOP practice,that is to say,the whole incentive is carried out on three levels of technical labors,management labors and operation labors integratedly,while the key incentive is also carried out in different levels.Furthermore,the author holds that the attractive mechanism,collective mechanism,accumulative mechanism and withdrawal mechanism formed by the ESOP of Huawei through labor incentives also facilitate the enterprise innovation force in its operation and function process.Among them,the ESOP promotes the talents introduction mechanism more effective,thus forming a strong attraction force for innovative labors;the ESOP develops the formation of the collective mechanism and accumulative mechanism of the enterprise innovative labors,thus accelerating the collective innovation force and also maintaining the sustainable innovation force of the enterprise.In addition,the withdrawal mechanism of Huawei’s ESOP ensures the replacing force of innovation and development of the company.These four forces jointly promote the innovation and development of HUAWEI.
作者
李韵
贾亚杰
Li Yun;Jia Yajie(Department of*Economics University of Massachusetts,Lowell 01854,America;School of Marxism.Tongji University,Shanghai 210092,China)
出处
《教学与研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第4期25-38,共14页
Teaching and Research
基金
教育部重大攻关项目“习近平新时代中国特色社会主义经济思想研究”(项目号:18JZD003)的阶段性成果。
关键词
员工持股
虚拟股权
劳动激励
创新机制
ESOP
virtual equity
labor incentive
innovation mechanism
