摘要
目的探究基于容积-黏度吞咽试验的喂养管理对脑出血吞咽功能障碍患者进食安全的影响。方法选取脑出血吞咽功能障碍患者120例,随机分为对照组和研究组,各60例。对照组根据洼田饮水试验结果选择不同的喂养管理方案,研究组在此基础上采用容积-黏度吞咽试验评估情况,根据结果实施具体的喂养管理方案。比较两组患者的置管率和置管时间,经口进食患者误吸征象发生情况及干预前后营养学指标。结果研究组患者胃管留置率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=11.42,P<0.05),且在留置胃管患者中,研究组患者留置时间明显短于对照组(t=2.37,P<0.05)。研究组经口进食患者误吸征象发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6.77,P<0.05)。干预后,研究组患者血浆白蛋白、血清白蛋白、血红蛋白、转铁蛋白水平均高于对照组患者(t分别=4.89、3.82、4.39、5.86,P均<0.05)。结论基于容积-黏度吞咽试验进行喂养管理能够为脑出血吞咽功能障碍患者提供更加准确的进食方案,减少不必要的胃管留置,并缩短置管时长,减少误吸的发生,提高安全性,同时能够有效改善患者的营养状态,促进患者恢复。
Objective To explore the influence of feeding management based on volume viscosity swallowing test on eating safety in patients with cerebral hemorrhage complicated with swallowing dysfunction. Methods A total of 120 patients with dysphagia due to cerebral hemorrhage were randomly divided into control group and study group,60 cases in each.The patients in the control group were given routine nursing and diet guidance according to the results of Watian drinking water test.In the study group,the specific feeding management scheme was implemented according to the results of volume viscosity swallowing test.The rate and time of intubation were compared between the two groups.At the same time,the nutritional indexes of the two groups were compared.Results The retention rate of gastric tube in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(χ~2=11.42,P<0.05),and the retention time in the study group was significantly shorter than that in the control group(t=2.37,P<0.05).The incidence of aspiration symptoms in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group(χ~2=6.77,P<0.05).After intervention,the levels of plasma albumin,serum albumin,hemoglobin and transferrin in the study group were higher than those in the control group(t=4.89,3.82,4.39,5.86,P<0.05). Conclusion Feeding management based on volume viscosity swallowing test can provide more accurate feeding plan for patients with cerebral hemorrhage complicated with swallowing dysfunction,reduce unnecessary gastric tube retention,shorten the retention time,decrease the occurrence of aspiration,improve safety,effectively improve the nutritional status of patients,and promote the recovery of patients.
作者
毛云
刘新龙
MAO Yun;LIU Xinlong(Department of Neurosurgery,People's Hospital of Kaihua County,Quzhou 324000,China.)
出处
《全科医学临床与教育》
2020年第4期331-334,共4页
Clinical Education of General Practice
关键词
脑出血
容积-黏度吞咽试验
喂养管理
吞咽功能障碍
误吸征象
cerebral hemorrhage
volume viscosity swallowing test
feeding management
swallowing dysfunction
aspiration signs
