摘要
目的:分析我国城市与农村育龄女性“二胎”生育意愿及生行为差异及相关影响因素。方法:选取江苏省内845名城乡育龄女性作为调查对象,其中城市(城市组)425人,农村(农村组)420人。通过调查问卷了解调查对象基本信息、“二胎”生育意愿及行为,分析“二胎”生育意愿相关影响因素。结果:两组女性在意愿生育子女个数、是否生育二孩、意愿生育二孩性别及生育时间方面存在差异,两组女性实际子女数均低于理想子女数,且城市低于农村(均P<0.05)。两组女性选择不愿意生育“二胎”与是否独生子女及受教育程度未见差异(P>0.05),而在家庭年收入和第一孩性别方面存在差异,农村组在年龄方面有差异(P<0.05)。多因素分析显示,家庭年收入是城市女性“二胎”生育意愿的主要影响因素,年龄、家庭年收入、第一孩性别是农村女性“二胎”生育意愿的主要影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论:城市及农村育龄女性“二胎”生育意愿普遍不高,农村女性对性别偏好明显,经济因素是影响女性“二胎”生育意愿及行为的主要因素,农村女性意愿还受年龄及第一孩性别影响。
Objective:To analyze the difference of fertility intention and behavior of women of childbearing age from urban and rural in China,and to study its relevant influencing factors.Methods:845 women of childbearing age of Jiangsu province were selected as the subjects,which included 425 urban women(urban group)and 420 rural women(rural group).The basic information,and the desire and the behavior to have the second child were investigated,and the relevant influencing factors of the second child were analyzed by questionnaires.Results:There were significant differences in the number of children,whether to have two children,the gender of the second child,and the time to have the second child between the two groups(P<0.05).The actual number of children of women in both groups was significant lower than the ideal number of children,and the ideal and actual number of children of urban women were significant lower than those of rural women(P<0.05).The willingness of women to have the second child in the two groups was no related to whether they themselves were only children or their education level(P>0.05),but was related to the family annual income and gender of the first child(P<0.05),and the willingness of rural women was related to their age(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that the family annual income was the main influencing factor for having to the second child of urban women(P<0.05),but age,family annual income,and gender of the first child were the main influencing factors for having to the second child of rural women(P<0.05).Conclusion:The willing of the second child of urban and rural women is generally not high.The rural women have obvious gender preference for the second child.Economic factors are the main factors affecting the willingness and behavior of the second child of urban and rural women,and the willingness of the second child of rural women is also affected by age and gender of the first child.
作者
高杨
邹丽
GAO Yang;ZOU Li(Drum Tower Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University,210000)
出处
《中国计划生育学杂志》
2020年第4期475-478,483,共5页
Chinese Journal of Family Planning
关键词
二胎
生育意愿
育龄女性
城市
农村
影响因素
The second child
Fertility willingness
Female of childbearing age
Urban
Rural
Influencing factors
