摘要
随着各国对深海多金属硫化物勘探与开发的步伐逐渐加快,为确保并指导承包者在区域内开采多金属硫化物作业安全且符合保护环境规定,首先论述开采深海多金属硫化物的工艺技术,以此为基础结合加拿大鹦鹉螺和美国海王星矿业公司试采多金属硫化物案例,分析其作业过程所涉及的硫矿泄漏、结构失效、机械伤害、火灾爆炸等安全问题和破坏海底动植物群及其栖息地、排放采矿废水尾矿等环境影响,最后就作业安全与环境影响问题分别给出了针对性的对策与建议,可为工程实践提供参考。
As countries gradually accelerate the exploration and development of deep-sea polymetallic sulfides,in order to ensure and guide contractors to mine polymetallic sulfides in the area safely and in compliance with environmental protection regulations,the process technology of deep-sea polymetallic sulfides was firstly discussed.On this basis,combined with the trials of mining polymetallic sulphides in Nautilus Minerals Company of Canada & Australia and Neptune Mining Company of U.S.,the safety issues such as sulfur ore leakage,structural failure,mechanical injury,fire and explosion involved in the operation process,and damage to the sea floor,the environmental impacts of flora and its habitat,discharge of mining wastewater and tailings,etc.were analyzed.Specific countermeasures and suggestions were given on the issues of operational safety and environmental impact,which could provide reference for engineering practice.
作者
杜尊峰
陈香玉
赵羿羽
DU Zunfeng;CHEN Xiangyu;ZHAO Yiyu(State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety,School of Civil Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300354,China;The 714 Research Institute of CSIC,Beijing 100192,China)
出处
《海洋开发与管理》
2020年第3期68-74,共7页
Ocean Development and Management
基金
国家自然科学基金创新研究群体科学基金(No.51621092)
天津市自然科学基金(No.19JCYBJC21900)。
关键词
深海多金属硫化物
作业安全
硫矿泄漏
海底动植物群
废水尾矿
环境基线
Deep-sea polymetallic sulfide
Operational safety
Sulfide mining leakage
Seabed animals and plants
Mining tailings
Environmental impact baseline
