摘要
造成我国自2019年12月份开始的全国性新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)的病因是新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)感染。2019-nCoV是目前已知所分4个属冠状病毒科的β属冠状病毒。对人类影响较大的β属冠状病毒,除2019-nCoV外,还有严重急性呼吸道综合症冠状病毒(SARS-CoV)和中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒(MERS-CoV)。2019-nCoV的受体也是SARS-CoV的受体血管紧张素转换酶2(ACE2),MERS-CoV的受体是二肽基肽酶4(DPP4,或CD26)。免疫组织化学检测发现,ACE2在人类眼表的角膜和结膜上皮细胞、角膜内皮细胞均呈阳性表达,DPP4在正常动物眼结膜上皮细胞及其下方结缔组织的成纤维细胞中活性较强,在严重角膜损伤后整个角膜上皮和泪液中活性较强。两种受体均参与多个信号通路和多种病理生理过程,它们在眼表的表达是冠状病毒眼部感染可能的途径,为进一步研究冠状病毒眼部致病机制提供了线索。
2019-Novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV)caused an outbreak of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)from December 2019 in China.2019-nCoV which was identified as a kind of beta coronavirus belongs to one of four coronavirus genera.Except 2019-nCoV,two other beta coronavirus,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV)and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERS-CoV)are also quite harmful to human beings.2019-nCoV uses the same cell entry receptor,angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2),as SARS-CoV.And dipeptidyl peptidase 4(DPP4)or CD26 is the cell receptor for MERS-CoV.The expression of ACE2 was found to have obvious positive expression in human corneal and conjunctival epithelium,and corneal endothelium.DPP4 activity was presented in normal animal conjunctival epithelium and fibroblasts of the subjacent connective tissue.It was also presented in the whole corneal epithelium and tear fluid of animal with severe injured corneas.The two receptors,ACE2 and DPP4,are involved in many cellular signaling pathways and pathophysiological processes.Their expression in the cells of ocular surface may be an access route of corona virus in eye,which provides clues to elucidating the pathogenesis of corona virus in the eyeballs.
作者
尹小磊(综述)
张金萍(审校)
Yin Xiaolei;Zhang Jinping(Department of Ophthalmology,305 Hospital of PLA,Beijing 100017,China;Novel Coronavirus Research Group in 305 Hospital of PLA,Beijing 100017,China)
出处
《中华实验眼科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第3期254-256,共3页
Chinese Journal Of Experimental Ophthalmology
关键词
冠状病毒
受体
血管紧张素转换酶2
二肽基肽酶4
眼表
Coronavirus
Receptor
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4
Ocular surface
