摘要
对在反思新古典经济学过程中发展起来的经济社会学而言,其微观理论基础必须要考虑人类行为的社会性。对相对位置和社会比较的重视是人的社会性的主要体现,个体不仅关心自己的绝对收益,也关心与参照对象比较产生的相对位置。本文把从相对位置假定出发来分析经济行为和经济结果的理论称为经济社会学的社会比较理论,梳理和整合了分散在以往社会学和经济学研究中与此有关的重要内容。把相对位置引入对人类经济行为的分析,需要讨论参照对象的选择、比较事项的位置外部性、相对位置引发的行为反应、对相对位置的社会认可等基础性问题。社会比较理论有助于理解消费级联、工资压缩、生产定额、晋升激励等困扰传统经济学理论的经济现象。社会比较理论是经济社会学研究需要重视的知识领域。
For the economic sociology emerging from reflecting on neoclassical economics,its microtheoretical basis must consider the sociality of human behavior.Emphasis on the relative position and social comparison is the main manifestation of human sociality.Individuals not only care about their absolute benefits but also care about the relative position produced by comparing with the reference.This paper reviews and integrates some important contents of social comparison theory scattered in sociological and economic research.When introducing relative position into the analysis of human economic behavior,we need to consider basic issues such as the choice of reference groups,the positional externality of comparative items,the behavioral response caused by relative position,and the social recognition of the relative position.Social comparison theory is helpful in understanding the macroeconomic phenomena that perplex traditional economic theory,such as consumption cascade,wage compression,production quota,promotion incentives,and so on.Social comparison theory is a knowledge field that needs to be paid attention to in the study of economic sociology.
出处
《社会学评论》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第1期35-50,共16页
Sociological Review of China
基金
中央财经大学一流学科建设项目“聚焦网络化与金融化的经济社会学研究”（021451619003）
关键词
相对位置
社会比较
经济行为
经济结果
Relative Position
Social Comparison
Economic Behavior
Economic Outcomes
