摘要
水痘是一种在儿童期高发的急性传染病,主要通过呼吸道分泌物传播,接种水痘疫苗是最佳的防控措施。上市后数据显示水痘疫苗可提供80%~85%的保护,2剂次免疫程序的有效性优于1剂次。将水痘疫苗纳入免疫规划后,显著降低了水痘发病率。虽然缺乏直接的证据,但是现有减毒水痘疫苗株仍存在接种后潜伏于神经组织的风险,因此更为安全有效的新型水痘疫苗在不断研发中。本文就水痘疫苗新的研发方向、水痘疫苗长期监测的有效性及安全性等问题展开综述。
Varicella(chickenpox)is an acute infectious disease with high incidence in children.It is mainly transmitted through the airborne route and vaccination is the best measure for the prevention and control.Data from post-marketing studies show the effectiveness of varicella vaccines is 80%-85%,and two-dose regimen is significantly more effective than one-dose.After inclusion of varicella vaccines into the national immunization programme,there has been a clear decrease in varicella morbidity.Despite the lack of direct evidence,there remains the risk that varicella-zoster virus might latent in the dorsal route ganglia after vaccination.Therefore,more safe and effective novel varicella vaccines are under development.This paper reviewed the progress in varicella vaccine development and their long-term efficacy and safety.
作者
邱凌娴
余小娟
苏迎盈
程通
吴婷
Qiu Lingxian;Yu Xiaojuan;Su Yingying;Cheng Tong;Wu Ting(National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases,School of Public Health,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China)
出处
《中华微生物学和免疫学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第12期951-957,共7页
Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology
基金
国家自然科学基金(81871648)。
关键词
水痘疫苗
有效性
安全性
监测
Varicella vaccine
Efficacy
Safety
Surveillance
