摘要
目的探讨常州市2006至2018年新发职业病特征,为有关部门制定防治策略提供科学依据。方法于2019年7月,收集常州市2006至2018年新发职业病数据,对新发职业病的病种、地区、人群、行业、企业经济类型及规模等分布情况进行统计分析。结果2006至2018年常州市共报告新发职业病432例,以职业性尘肺病及其他呼吸系统疾病(175例,40.51%)、职业性化学中毒(130例,30.09%)、职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病(83例,19.21%)为主。男性378例(87.50%),女性54例(12.50%),不同类别新发职业病性别分布差异有统计学意义(χ2=32.12,P<0.01)。发病年龄23~84岁,平均发病年龄(48.3±12.2)岁,其中,40~49岁(152例,35.19%)居多。不同类别新发职业病发病年龄分布差异有统计学意义(χ2=157.53,P<0.01)。发病工龄以1~9年居多(175例,40.51%),不同类别新发职业病发病工龄分布差异有统计学意义(χ2=214.12,P<0.01)。行业分布以制造业(290例,67.13%)和采矿业(78例,18.06%)居多;经济类型以私有经济企业(274例,63.43%)和国有经济企业(74例,17.13%)居多;企业规模以小型企业(295例,68.29%)和中型企业(75例,17.36%)居多。结论应加强对重点地区、人群、行业等的职业病防治工作,用人单位、劳动者和政府有关部门共同行使权力和义务,做好职业病防治工作。
Objective To explore the characteristics of new occupational diseases in Changzhou City from 2006 to 2018,and provide scientific basis for relevant departments to formulate prevention and control strategies.Methods In July 2019,the data of new occupational diseases in Changzhou City from 2006 to 2018 were collected,and the distribution of new occupational diseases,such as disease types,regions,population,industries,economic types and scale of enterprises were analyzed.Results From 2006 to 2018,a total of 432 new cases of occupational diseases were reported in Changzhou,mainly including occupational pneumoconiosis and other respiratory diseases(175 cases,40.51%),occupational chemical poisoning(130 cases,30.09%),and occupational otorhinolaryngological and oral diseases(83 cases,19.21%).There were 378 males(87.50%)and 54 females(12.50%).The gender distribution of new occupational diseases in different categories was statistically significant(χ2=32.12,P<0.01).The average age of onset was(48.3±12.2)years,of which 40-49 years(152 cases,35.19%)were the most.The age distribution of new occupational diseases in different categories was statistically significant(χ2=157.53,P<0.01).The average length of service was(9.38±9.05)years,and most of them were 1-9 years(175 cases,40.51%).Manufacturing industry(290 cases,67.13%)and mining industry(78 cases,18.06%)are the major industries;private economic enterprises(274 cases,63.43%)and state-owned economic enterprises(74 cases,17.13%)are the major economic types;small enterprises(295 cases,68.29%)and medium-sized enterprises(75 cases,17.36%)are the major enterprises.Conclusion We should strengthen the prevention and control of occupational diseases in key areas,people,industries,etc,and the employer,workers and government department should exercise their rights and obligations together to do a good job in the prevention and control relevant of occupational diseases.
作者
周瑜
Zhou Yu(Changzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changzhou 213000,China)
出处
《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第12期946-948,共3页
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases
关键词
职业病
发病特征
Occupational diseases
Incidence characteristics
