摘要
采用耦合中国气象科学研究院CAMS(Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences)研发的云参数方案的MM5中尺度模式对2013年8月13日湘南地区受"尤特"台风外围云系影响的一次典型积层混合云降水过程进行数值模拟,分析此次天气过程云微物理量的时空分布特征以及人工增雨作业最佳时机和位置。结果显示,各种水成物混和比随时间变化趋势基本一致,均呈单峰型,最大值都出现在13日14:00左右;在云系整个发展过程中,各类水成物水平分布不均匀,积云部分呈明显块状分布,随着云系发展,水成物混合比大值区有明显的西移趋势;在云系发展成熟阶段,云水经向分布范围不大,约60 km,各类水成物在垂直方向吻合很好,云水垂直发展很旺盛,有过冷水存在;雨水和霰的分布对应很好,说明此次过程霰的融化是雨水的主要来源。积层混合云的发展前期450 h Pa附近最有利于人工增雨催化。
Using the MM5 mesoscale model coupled with the cloud parameters scheme developed by Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,this paper simulated a typical convective-stratiform mixed cloud precipitation process affected by Typhoon“Utor”in southern Hunan Province on August 13,2013.The spatial and temporal characteristics of cloud microphysical structure during this weather process and the optimal timing and location of artificial precipitation enhancement were analyzed.The results show that the variation trends of various hydrometeors mixing ratio with time were basically the same,which presented single peak type distribution,and the peak values appeared around 14:00 on August 13.During the whole development process of the cloud system,the horizontal distributions of all kinds of hydrometeors were uneven,and the distribution of cumulus clouds appeared obvious blocky.With the development of the cloud system,the larger value areas of hydrometeors ratio mixing existed a clear westward movement trend.At the maturity stage of cloud system,the meridional distribution range of cloud water was not large(about 60 km),and all kinds of hydrometeors coincided well in the vertical direction.Supercooled water existed in clouds which developed strongly in the vertical direction.The distribution of rainwater corresponded well with that of graupel,which indicated that the melting of graupel was the main source of rainwater during this process.The 450 hPa was the most favorable height for cloud seeding in the early stage of mixed convective-stratiform cloud development.
作者
唐林
李琼
黎祖贤
蔡淼
蔡荣辉
高沁
TANG Lin;LI Qiong;LI Zuxian;CAI Miao;CAI Ronghui;GAO Qin(Hunan Provincial Weather Modification Office,Changsha 410118,China;Weather Modification Center of CMA,Beijing 100081,China;Hunan Provincial Meteorological Observatory,Changsha 410118,China)
出处
《干旱气象》
2020年第1期100-108,共9页
Journal of Arid Meteorology
基金
湖南省自然科学基金(2017JJ2149)
湖南省气象局预报员专项(XQKJ18C013)共同资助
关键词
积层混合云
云微物理结构
数值模拟
人工增雨
卫星反演
convective-stratiform mixed cloud
cloud microphysical structure
numerical simulation
cloud seeding
satellite retrieval
