摘要
通过数值仿真方法研究了滑移地面以及旋转轮对对明线运行列车气动性能的影响。首先,建立了三车编组列车计算模型,考虑固定和滑移两种不同的地面边界条件、固定和滑移两种不同的路基边界条件、静止和旋转两种不同的轮对边界条件;其次,基于风洞试验数据验证了数值仿真的可靠性,表明了剪切应力运输湍流模型和网格划分的可行性和有效性;最后,对比四种不同组合下的明线运行列车气动性能。研究结果表明:固定地面将得到偏低的列车气动阻力系数,约减少4.27%;滑移路基使得尾车气动阻力系数和整车阻力增加约1.87%,引起这一差异主要原因在于地面和路基的表面附面层厚度差异;静止轮对和旋转轮对对列车气动阻力和升力系数都小于1.0%,因此,列车气动风洞试验可以忽略轮对旋转的影响,考虑地面边界和路基边界的影响。
The effects of moving ground and rotating wheelsets on the aerodynamic performance of a train running in the open air were studied by numerical simulation.First,a train model with a head car,middle car,and tail car was established;different boundary conditions for the ground,embankment,and wheelset were considered;the two different ground boundary conditions were static and moving,the two different embankment boundary conditions were also static and moving,and the two different wheelset boundary conditions were static and rotating.Based on wind tunnel experimental data,the reliability of numerical simulation was verified showing the feasibility and effectiveness of the Shear Stress Transport(SST)turbulence model and mesh.Finally,the aerodynamic performances of the train running in the open air under four different situations were compared.The research results show that the static ground resulted in a lower aerodynamic drag force coefficient for the train,approximately 4.27%.The moving embankment had a certain influence on the aerodynamic drag coefficients of the tail car and the whole train with an increase of 1.87%.This difference is mainly caused by the difference in the boundary layer thickness of the ground and embankment.The boundary conditions of the wheelset had less influence on the aerodynamic drag and lift coefficients of the train within a difference of 1.0%.Therefore,the influence of the wheelset rotation can be ignored in the wind tunnel experiments for trains,whereas the influence of the boundary conditions of the ground and embankment should be considered.
作者
张胜
戴志远
李田
ZHANG Sheng;DAI Zhi-Yuan;LI Tian(Laboratory for Rail Transportation,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;State-key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)
出处
《交通运输工程与信息学报》
2020年第1期120-125,132,共7页
Journal of Transportation Engineering and Information
基金
四川省科技计划（2019YJ0227）
中国博士后科学基金（2019M663550）
国家自然科学基金（51605397）
关键词
地面效应
列车空气动力学
气动性能
滑移地面
旋转轮对
ground effect
train aerodynamic
aerodynamic characteristic
moving ground
rotating wheel
