摘要
高校分类分层建设和特色发展是现代大规模高等教育的基本特征之一,其形成机制主要有两种:一是通过市场的竞争机制而自然形成;二是通过政府的政策性机制而人为形成。我国难以实现高校分类分层建设和特色发展的主要原因在于:高等教育类市场化治理模式限制了竞争机制的作用、地方政府高等教育竞争强化了高校的办学层次竞争、“双一流”建设引发新一轮院校“同轨竞争”,以及高等教育评估制度的导向作用和文化传统的负面影响。要实现我国高校的分类分层建设和特色发展,需要准确把握我国高等教育的发展阶段,理性地发展高等教育;需要遵循大学渐进成长发展规律和教育家办学规律;需要改革和创新高等教育评估制度。
The classified and hierarchical stratification construction and characteristic development of universities are some of the basic features of modern large-scale higher education.There are two main formation mechanisms;one is formed naturally through market competition mechanism,while the other is formed artificially through government policy mechanism.The following are the main reasons that make it difficult for China to achieve classified and hierarchical stratification construction and characteristic development of universities:the market-oriented governance model of higher education limits the role of competition mechanisms;local government higher education competition has strengthened the raising level competition among universities;the"double first-class university"construction has triggered a new round of"same track competition"among universities;the orientation from higher education evaluation system;the negative impact of cultural traditions.Therefore,it is necessary to accurately understand the development stage of higher education in China and rationally develop it.In addition,the law of the progressive development of universities and the law of managing universities by educators should be followed.Furthermore,there is a need to reform and innovate the evaluation system of higher education.
作者
张应强
周钦
ZHANG Ying-qiang;ZHOU Qin
出处
《大学教育科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第1期14-21,共8页
University Education Science
关键词
“双一流”建设
高等教育强国
高等教育体系
高校分类
办学定位
治理模式
double first-class construction
a powerful country in higher education
higher education system
university classification
university orientation
governance model
