摘要
祭祀礼仪作为"五礼"之首,是古代国家礼仪制度的重要组成部分,具有深刻的政治功能和文化价值。祭祀活动就是通过具体的礼仪形式来表达祭祀者的诉求。清代国家祭祀在保持本民族习惯的基础上,借鉴吸收中原礼仪制度,形成了完善的祭祀体系。清代国家祭祀礼仪是建立在其思想文化意识上的一种象征体系:实物象征通过祭祀所用祭器、祭品、祭服等来表达;语言象征通过祭祀乐章等来表达;行为象征以皇帝亲祭和虔诚斋戒等来表达。清代国家祭祀礼仪的具体仪式程序都有严格规定,表达特定历史时期的政治文化内涵。祭祀礼仪制度的传承演变也为政治生活所左右。从礼仪制度这样的文化层面切入政治史研究,是政治史研究的一个新视角。
Sacrificial rites, first of the "five rites", is an important part of the ancient state ritual system and have great political function and profound cultural value. Sacrificial activities express worshippers’ demands through specific ceremonies. In Qing Dynasty, the national sacrifice formed a perfect sacrificial system on the basis of maintaining the national customs and learning from the etiquette system of the Central Plains. The State Sacrificial Rites in Qing Dynasty is a symbol system based on its ideology and culture: physical symbols were expressed through sacrificial vessels, offerings and sacrificial clothing. Language symbols were expressed through sacrificial music. Behavioral symbols were expressed through the emperor’s personal appearance at the sacrificial ceremony and pious fasting. Specific ritual procedures of sacrificial rites in Qing dynasty were strictly stipulated, which expressed rich connotation of political culture in that specific historical period. The inheritance and evolution of sacrificial rites are also defined by political life. The study of political history from the cultural level of rites system provides a new perspective for the study of political history.
作者
王秀玲
万强
WANG Xiu-ling;WAN Qiang(College of Marxism,Inner Mongolia University of Technology,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia,010051)
出处
《深圳大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第1期152-160,共9页
Journal of Shenzhen University：Humanities & Social Sciences
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“国家认同视域下的清代国家祭祀研究”(17XZS002)
关键词
清代
国家祭祀
礼仪制度
象征体系
政治文化内涵
Qing Dynasty
state sacrifice
the system of rites
symbol system
political cultural connotation
