摘要
【目的】评价30%噻虫胺·吡唑醚菌酯·苯醚甲环唑悬浮种衣剂对花生生长的安全性及防治花生土传病害和地下害虫的应用潜力。【方法】制备30%噻虫胺·吡唑醚菌酯·苯醚甲环唑悬浮种衣剂并测定其pH、黏度、悬浮率及冷热贮稳定性与冷热贮前后的药剂粒度分布变化。在室内,以200、400、800 g a.i./100 kg种子3个剂量进行温室盆栽安全性试验,统计各处理组的出苗时间及播种后14 d花生幼苗的株高、根长、茎叶鲜重、根鲜重与植株干重等生长指标,评价药剂对花生出苗及幼苗生长的安全性。在田间,设置100、200、400 g a.i./100 kg种子3个剂量进行花生种子包衣,以25%噻虫嗪·咯菌腈·精甲霜灵悬浮种衣剂(迈舒平)为对照药剂,进行两年三地的田间药效试验。【结果】30%噻虫胺·吡唑醚菌酯·苯醚甲环唑悬浮种衣剂达到GB/T17768—1999悬浮种衣剂产品标准。温室盆栽试验中,该药剂以200、400、800 g a.i./100 kg种子对花生出苗及幼苗生长安全。2016年以100、200、400 g a.i./100 kg种子3个剂量进行田间试验,药剂对花生冠腐病的防治效果分别为95.16%、97.98%、98.79%,对花生根腐病的防治效果分别为90.97%、92.26%、92.90%,对花生蚜(Aphis medicaginis)的防治效果分别为79.74%、92.48%、94.13%,且防治效果表现为随药剂剂量的增加而提高。相对于空白对照处理,药剂可以提高花生出苗率10.25%—13.21%,增加花生产量683.75—1234.12 kg·hm-2。由此确定200 g a.i./100 kg种子为田间推荐剂量。2017年使用该剂量,对山东新泰和泰安两地花生冠腐病防治效果分别为81.12%与95.83%,对花生根腐病的防治效果分别为71.74%与92.93%,对地老虎(新泰)与花生茎腐病(泰安)的防治效果分别为93.33%与87.29%。与空白对照相比,在新泰试验中,出苗率提高了4.23%,产量提高了1146.45 kg·hm^-2;在泰安试验中,出苗率提高了10.75%,产量提高了1715.70 kg·hm^-2。【结
【Objective】The objective of this study is to evaluate the safety of 30%clothianidin·pyraclostrobin·difenoconazole flowable concentrate for seed-coating(FS)on the growth of peanut(Arachis hypogaea)and its application potential in peanut soil-borne diseases and underground pests control.【Method】30% clothianidin·pyraclostrobin·difenoconazole flowable concentrate for seed-coating was prepared and its pH,viscosity,suspension rate,cold and heat storage stability and the change of particle size distribution of agent after cold and heat storage tests were measured.30% clothianidin·pyraclostrobin·difenoconazole FS was used to treat peanut seeds in the greenhouse with three doses of 200,400 and 800 g a.i./100 kg seeds.At 14 days after sowing,the seedling emergence time and plant height,root length,fresh weight of stalk,leaf and root,and plant dry weight were measured to evaluate the safety of seed-coating for peanut seedling emergence and growth.In the field,three doses of 100,200 and 400 g a.i./100 kg seeds were set for peanut seed-coating,and three efficacy trials in different places were conducted in two years.The 25%thiamethoxam·fludioxonil·metalaxyl-M FS(Maishuping)was selected as control agent.【Result】The quality of 30% clothianidin·pyraclostrobin·difenoconazole flowable concentrate for seed-coating conformed to the standard GB/T17768—1999 of flowable concentrate for seed-coating of pesticide product.In the greenhouse pot experiment,the agent was safe for peanut seedling emergence and growth with 200,400 and 800 g a.i./100 kg seeds.Field trials were conducted in 2016 with three doses of 100,200 and 400 g a.i./100 kg seeds,the control efficacy on peanut crown rot was 95.16%,97.98% and 98.79%,on peanut root rot was 90.97%,92.26% and 92.90%,and against Aphis medicaginis was 79.74%,92.48% and 94.13%,respectively,and the control efficacy on pests increased with the increase of dose.Compared with the blank control treatment,the peanut emergence rate increased by 10.25%-13.21%,and the peanut yield in
作者
曹海潮
刘庆顺
白海秀
韩君
杨士玲
薛明
刘峰
CAO HaiChao;LIU QingShun;BAI HaiXiu;HAN Jun;YANG ShiLing;XUE Ming;LIU Feng(College of Plant Protection,Shandong Agricultural University/Shandong Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology&Application Technique,Taian 271018,Shandong;Qingdao Taisheng Agriculture Technology Co.,Ltd,Qingdao 266101,Shandong;Shandong Medicine Technician College,Taian 271018,Shandong;Shandong SINO-AGRI Union Biology Science Co.,Ltd,Ji’nan 255001;Xintai Agricultural and Rural Bureau,Xintai 271200,Shandong)
出处
《中国农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第20期3595-3604,共10页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
基金
国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0201600)
山东省现代农业产业技术体系花生创新团队(SDAIT-04-08)
关键词
花生
种衣剂
杀虫杀菌混剂
土传病害
地下害虫
制剂加工
peanut(Arachis hypogaea)
seed-coating agent
pesticide and fungicide mixture
soilborne disease
underground pest
formulation processing
