摘要
可读性是小说的生命,也是小说创作的最高追求。与自然言语交际相比,小说语篇为增强其可读性,所蕴含的不礼貌现象更加多维复杂。本研究以关系联结(Kádár&Zhang,2019)为视角,通过对小说语篇实例的描述和分析,深入挖掘在人物-人物、叙述者-受述者、读者-作者多层对话结构中,不同不礼貌策略在小说语篇可读性建构中的作用。研究发现,在小说语篇不同交际层面增强可读性的不礼貌策略凸显不同的表现形式:刻画人物-人物间冲突情节,如采取转换语码、抛出禁忌话题或使用詈语等不礼貌策略,可以激化小说矛盾,推动情节进展,丰满人物性格,增强可读性;制造叙述者-受述者间理解障碍,如通过非正常时序叙述、冗长或过简叙述等不礼貌策略,增强可读性;引发作者-读者间想象空间,如通过副文本特征、语言风格特征等不礼貌策略为读者设置各种阅读"障碍"或"空白",丰富读者的阅读体验,增强可读性。此外,研究进一步揭示了实现作者与读者的关系联结是小说语篇建构中不礼貌策略的深层目标。本研究为文学语篇不礼貌现象理论化探讨提供了可借鉴的范式。
Readability is not only the life of fiction,but also the ultimate aim of fiction writing. Compared with naturally occurring verbal communication,fictional discourse is embedded with more sophisticated and multi-dimensional impoliteness phenomena to enhance readability. Through the description and analysis of the examples of fictional discourse,this study focuses on the function of different impoliteness strategies in the readability construction of fictional discourse realized at various dialogic layers,namely,character-to-character,narrator-to-narratee and author-to-reader from the perspective of alignment(Kádár & Zhang,2019). The study proposes an analytic model of the interaction between readability of fictional discourse and impoliteness strategies to provide a tentative approach to the interpretation of literary discourse. The study has the follow-ing findings: Firstly,the depiction of the conflicts among characters promotes the plot development,enriches characterization and enhances readability,which is realized by such strategies as code-switching,taboo topics and cursing words. Secondly,the design of the obstacles for understanding between the narrator and the narratee such as non-chronological narration and redundant or simplified narration enhances the readability of the fiction. Thirdly,the initiation of the imagination through paratextual and language style features "barriers"or "blanks"with an aim to enrich the reading experience and to enhance readability. Additionally,the study further reveals that alignment between author and reader is the driving force of impoliteness in fictional discourse. The study provides a paradigm for the theorization of impoliteness phenomena in literary discourse.
作者
刘风光
石文瑞
LIU Fengguang;SHI Wenrui
出处
《外语与外语教学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第6期39-47,146,共10页
Foreign Languages and Their Teaching
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目“文学语篇认知语用文体研究”(项目编号:15BYY182)的阶段性成果
关键词
小说语篇可读性建构
不礼貌策略
关系联结
readability construction of fictional discourse
impoliteness strategies
alignment
