摘要
目的 了解宝鸡市近10年的尘肺病流行特征,为尘肺病的防制提供技术支撑和科学依据。方法 对2011-2018年网报的宝鸡市职业性尘肺病数据进行分析。结果 2011-2018年宝鸡市共诊断尘肺病124例,死亡6例,病死率4.84%。农民工84例,占67.74%。男性123例,女性1例。最大年龄69岁,最小27岁,平均(47.94±7.99)岁。接尘工龄最长35年,最短2年,平均(11.85±7.33)年。诊断的尘肺病病种有矽肺、电焊工尘肺、煤工尘肺、石墨尘肺、铸工尘肺、水泥尘肺。居前3位的是矽肺、电焊工尘肺、煤工尘肺,分别占87.10%、6.45%、2.42%。发病年龄主要集中在40~49年龄组,占55.65%;其次为50~59岁组,占26.61%。接尘工龄主要集中在<5年组,占50.81%;其次为5~<15年组,占28.22%。宝鸡市12个县区有11个县区有职业性尘肺病报告,居前3位的县区分别是凤县、渭滨区、眉县,分别占58.87%、12.90%和7.26%。职业性尘肺病主要集中分布在小型企业54例,占43.55%,其次为中型企业37例,占29.84%和大型企业29例,占23.38%,微型企业4例,占3.23%。宝鸡市在20个行业中7个行业有尘肺病报告,居前3位的分别是采矿业、制造业、建筑业,分别占69.35%、18.55%和5.65%。国有经济50例,占40.32%;集体经济4例,占3.23%;私有经济70例,占56.45%。工种居前3位的分别是凿岩工、掘进工、出渣工,分别占41.13%、13.71%、11.29%。结论 2011-2018年宝鸡市职业性尘肺病种类以矽肺为主,且有逐年增加的趋势,职业性尘肺病在一定时期内依然呈高发态势。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of pneumoconiosis in Baoji City in the past ten years,provide technical support and scientific basis for the prevention of pneumoconiosis.Methods The network reported data of occupational pneumoconiosis in Baoji City from 2011-2018 were analyzed.Results From 2011-2018,a total of 124 pneumoconiosis cases were diagnosed in Baoji C ity,and 6 cases died,w ith the mortality rate of 4.84%.84 cases were migrant workers,accounting for 67.74%.There were 123 males and 1 female.The oldest and youngest patient was 69 and 27 years old respectively,with an average age of(47.94±7.99)years old.The longest and shortest dust-exposure age was 35 and 2 years,respectively,with an average dust-exposure of(11.85±7.33)years.The pneumoconiosis diseases included silicosis,electric welder pneumoconiosis,coal worker's pneumoconiosis,graphite pneumoconiosis,castor pneumoconiosis,and cement pneumoconiosis,and the top three were silicosis,electric welder pneumoconiosis,and coal worker^pneumoconiosis,accounting for 87.10%,6.45%,and 2.42%,respectively.The age of onset was mainly in the 40-49 age group,accounting for 55.65%,followed by the 50-59 age group,which accounted for 26.61%.The working age of dust exposure was mainly concentrated in<5 years group,accounting for 50.81%followed by 5-<15 years group,accounting for 28.22%.The occupational pneumoconiosis cases were reported in 11 of 12 counties/districts in the city,and top three counties/districts Fengxian County,W eibin District and Meixian County,accounting for 58.87%,12.90%and 7.26%respectively.Occupational pneumoconiosis cases were mainly distributed in small enterprises(54 cases,43.55%),followed by the medium-sized enterprises(37 cases,29.84%)and large enterprises(29 cases,23.38%),and 4 cases were reported in micro-enterprises,accounting for 3.23%.Among 20 industries in Baoji City,the pneumoconiosis cases were reported in seven industries,and top three were mining,manufacturing,and construction industry accounting for 69.35%,18.55%an
作者
刘红英
贾敏
杨海峰
路建超
巩一樊
LIU Hong-ying;JIA Min;YANG Hoi-feng;LU Jian-chao;GNG Yi-fan(Department of Labor and Radiation Health,Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Banji Shaanxi,721016,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2019年第22期3046-3049,共4页
Occupation and Health
关键词
尘肺
矽肺
电焊工尘肺
流行病学
接尘工龄
发病年龄
Pneumoconiosis
Silicosis
Welders pneumoconiosis
Epidemiology
Age of exposure to dust
Age of onset
