摘要
为了解湖南地区三叶青田间节肢动物群落结构特征及动态,以期为三叶青栽培过程中害虫的发生与综合防治提供理论依据,该研究采用5点取样法,通过逐月定时定点抽查和大范围的随机普查,对湖南省林下科研示范基地内三叶青展开系统的调查。调查期间共采获节肢动物6660头,隶属于4纲16目46科54种,其中害虫29种,捕食性天敌14种,寄生性天敌2种,中性昆虫9种,同翅目的物种数和个体数最多。从各类群数量和物种多样性来看,害虫占有绝对的优势,三叶青田间节肢动物群落变化基本由害虫作主导,同时受三叶青生长发育和气候因素的制约:6月以前是群落的建立阶段,9月以后是群落的消解阶段,5~7月是主要害虫的高峰期,6~8月是天敌的发生高峰期,施药应选择在6月份以前,同时结合生物防治和田间栽培措施,共同控制害虫的发生,保证三叶青的正常生长。
To understand the arthropod community structure and the variety rules and dynamics of various groups in the field of Tetrastigma Hemsleyanum,so as to better formulate integrated pest managements and provide theoretical basis for the occurrence and pest control in T.Hemsleyanum cultivation,a survey was conducted in the field of T.Hemsleyanum undergrowth using five-point sampling method and by the monthly regular fixation and large-scale random census.A total of 6660 arthropods were collected during the study,which belonged to 4 classes,16 orders,46 families and 54species,of which there were 29 kinds of pests,14 kinds of predators,2 kinds of parasitorids and 9 kinds of neutral insects,among themthe largest number of individuals and species was Homoptera.Pests had an absolute advantage from the numbers of all groups and species diversity,the change of arthropod community in the field of T.Hemsleyanum was mainly dominated by pests and restricted by the growth of T.Hemsleyanum and climate:the community was established before June and disintegrated after September.The fastigium of the major insect pests was May to July,while the fastigium of the dominant natural enemies was from June to August,the application should be selected before June combined with biological and chemical control,and field cultivation to control the occurrence of pests and ensure the regular growth of T.Hemsleyanum.
作者
李静纳
范适
胡春梅
梁忠厚
LI Jing-na;FAN Shi;HU Chun-mei;LIANG Zhong-hou(Landscape Architecture College,Hunan Polytechnic of Environment and Biology,Hengyang Hunan 421005,China)
出处
《衡阳师范学院学报》
2019年第6期99-105,共7页
Journal of Hengyang Normal University
基金
湖南自然科学基金项目(2019JJ70065)
《三叶青栽培技术规程》(湘市监办字[2019]59号、湘财行指[2019]32号)
《三叶青中药材林下高效栽培关键技术研究与示范》(湘财农批[2018]30号)、(湘财农批[2018]43号)、(湘财农批[2018]124号):(XLK201959)
关键词
三叶青
节肢动物群落
害虫综合防治
动态
Tetrastigma Hemsleyanum
arthropod community
integrated pest management
dynamics
