摘要
为明确商品有机肥中主要质量指标含量的时空演变,调查并检测了2008—2017年间浙江省主要商品有机肥的原料来源、重金属含量、有机质含量、总养分含量、pH值,及水分含量。结果表明,调查的商品有机肥中主要重金属砷(As)、镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)、铬(Cr)和汞(Hg)的平均含量分别为7.74、1.84、29.14、100.76、0.34 mg·kg^-1,总养分(N+P 2O 5+K 2O)平均含量为8.39%,有机质平均含量为58.16%,pH值和水分平均含量分别为7.76、17.07%。调查的商品有机肥中重金属含量存在明显的地区差异:杭州Hg,温州Cr,绍兴、嘉兴As,丽水、金华Cd,湖州Pb平均含量较高。近10 a来,调查的商品有机肥中重金属含量总体呈现下降趋势,其中As的平均含量下降最为明显,Hg和Pb的平均含量在大部分地区也呈现下降趋势。商品有机肥原料中,猪粪的As含量最高,参照NY 525—2012,超标样本达36.1%,污泥中Pb、Cr和Cd的超标比例较大(>20%),其他原料的重金属超标样本较少,尤其是餐厨残余基本无超标。原料构成和原料中重金属含量的差异是导致区域内商品有机肥重金属含量呈现空间变异的重要原因。
In order to reveal the spatio-temporal characteristics of main quality-related ingredients of regional organic fertilizers,the raw materials,pH value,and contents of heavy metals,organic matter,total nutrients and water were determined based on investigation from 2008 to 2017 in Zhejiang Province.It was shown that the average contents of arsenic(As),cadmium(Cd),lead(Pb),chromium(Cr),and mercury(Hg)in the investigated organic fertilizers were 7.74,1.84,29.14,100.76,and 0.34 mg·kg^-1,respectively.The average contents of total nutrients(N+P 2O 5+K 2O),organic matter,water content,and pH were 8.39%,58.16%,17.07%and 7.76,respectively.Besides,the high spatial variability was observed for contents of heavy metals in the investigated organic fertilizers.The high average contents of Hg,Cr,As,Cd,and Pb were respectively observed in Hangzhou,Wenzhou,Shaoxing/Jiaxing,Lishui/Jinhua,and Huzhou.The contents of heavy metals in the investigated organic fertilizers declined in the past 10 years.The average content of As decreased across all the cities,and Hg and Pb contents also decreased in most areas.Among all the raw materials of the investigated organic fertilizers,the highest As content was found in pig dung with 36.1%samples beyond the maximum limits set in NY 525—2012,as well as the Pb,Cr and Cd contents in more than 20%sample in sludge were beyond the maximum limits.In contrast,the food remnants were clean for heavy metal pollution.The differences of raw materials composition and the average heavy metals contents in raw materials were responsible for spatial variations of organic fertilizers.
作者
沈月
麻万诸
邓勋飞
陈思力
陆若辉
SHEN Yue;MA Wanzhu;DENG Xunfei;CHEN Sili;LU Ruohui(Administration Station of Cultivated Land Quality and Fertilizer of Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou 310029,China;Institute of Digital Agriculture,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China)
出处
《浙江农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第12期2073-2083,共11页
Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis
基金
国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0200802,2018YFD0200502)
浙江省“三农六方”项目(CTZB-F170623LWZ-SNY1-25)
关键词
有机肥
时空变异
原料来源
重金属
趋势
organic fertilizer
spatio-temporal variability
raw materials
heavy metals
trend
