摘要
气候变化已经对西藏地区产生了明显而深刻的影响。农牧民对气候变化的当地影响有较系统的认识。以西藏乃东区为研究对象。调查4个不同海拔梯度上农牧民对气候变化的感知与适应,然后利用气象数据对比农牧民对气候变化的感知,探究海拔高度与农牧民感知及其适应行为的关系,分析影响农牧民对气候变化感知与适应行为的因素。结果如下,研究区增温趋势明显,年降水量自2005年以来明显减少。不同梯度上的农牧民对当地气候变化的相对感知强度存在差异。农牧民对气温和雪覆盖变化的相对感知强度较高且基本随海拔升高而增强,而对雨季、农作物病虫害、新的病虫害变化的相对感知强度则随海拔升高而减弱。农牧民对年降水量的相对感知强度整体较低,但对近年年降水量持续减少记忆较深刻。在全球气候变化背景下,流域的上下两端会遭受较多的气候变化负面影响。农牧民对当地气候变化的感知与其采取的适应行为并不具有同步性。农牧民的受教育程度、经济状况、当地传统文化及其对气候变化的感知强度等因素均会影响农牧民对气候变化适应措施的选择。政府在制定及实施气候政策时应考虑流域内不同海拔高度区域气候变化特征及其影响的差异。
Climate change has had a significant and profound impact on Tibet.Farmers and herdsmen have a more systematic understanding of the local impacts of climate change.In this article,the Naidong District in Tibet,is selected as the study area.In order to explore the relationship between altitude and farmers′perception and adaptation behavior,and analyze the factors that affect farmers′and herdsmen′s perception and adaptation to climate change,the farmers′and herdsmen′s perception of and adaptation to climate change at four different altitudes in Naidong District were first surveyed,and then the meteorological data were used to compare the farmers′and herdsmen′s perception of climate change.The results are as follows.The warming trend is obvious in the study area,and the annual precipitation has decreased significantly since 2005.The relative perception intensity of local climate change is different among farmers and herdsmen on different gradients.The relative perception intensity of farmers and herdsmen on the changes of temperature and snow cover was higher and increased with elevation,while the relative perception intensity of rainy season,crop diseases and insect pests,and new pests and diseases decreased with elevation increasing.Farmers and herdsmen generally had a low relative perception intensity of annual precipitation,but they had a deep memory of the persistent decrease of annual precipitation in recent years.Under the background of global climate change,the upper and lower ends of the basin suffer more negative impacts of climate change.Farmers and herdsmen′s perception of local climate change is not synchronized with their adaptive behavior.Farmers and herdsmen′s educational level,economic status,local traditional culture and their perception of climate change will affect their adaptation measures to climate change.In formulating and implementing climate policy,the government should take into account the differences of climate change characteristics and impacts at different altitudes in
作者
梅江梅
黄晓慧
周尧治
任毅华
侯磊
郝文渊
MEI Jiangmei;HUANG Xiaohui;ZHOU Yaozhi;REN Yihua;HOU Lei;HAO Wenyuan(Res.Institute of Tibet Plateau Ecology,Tibet Agriculture&Animal Husbandry University,Linzhi 860000,China;National Forest Ecosystem Observation&Research Station of Tibet,Linzhi 860000,China;Tibet Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology in Plateau Area,Ministry of Education,Linzhi 860000,China;United Key Laboratories of Ecological Security,Tibet Autonomous Region,Linzhi 860000,China;Mental Health Counseling Center for College Students,Tibet Agriculture&Animal Husbandry University,Linzhi 860000,China;Resources&Environment College,Tibet Agriculture&Animal Husbandry University,Linzhi 860000,China)
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第21期7805-7814,共10页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
西藏自治区自然科学基金(厅校联合基金)(2016ZR-NZ-01)
西藏高原生态安全联合重点实验室开放基金项目(STX2018-11)
关键词
气候变化
感知
适应
海拔梯度
西藏
climate change
perception
adaptation
altitudes gradient
Tibet
