摘要
[目的]通过研究新源县和巩留县野苹果林中疫霉菌的种类和致病性差异,为探讨新疆野苹果林衰亡原因提供基本资料,为野苹果林病害防治提供科学依据。[方法]采用疑似疫霉病害样品采集、土壤诱捕、林间溪流诱捕等方法对新疆野苹果林中的疫霉菌进行了调查采样和监测诱捕,并利用选择性培养基分离获得疫霉纯菌株。通过形态学观察和rDNA-ITS序列分析相结合的方法对所获得的疫霉菌株进行分类鉴定,并通过离体叶片接种试验对所鉴定的疫霉菌进行致病性测定。[结果]依据形态学特征和序列分析,鉴定得到5个种共计88株疫霉,分别为65株湖沼疫霉Phytophthora lacustris Brasier,Cacciola,Nechwatal,Jung&Bakonyi、16株节水霉状疫霉Phytophthora gonapodyides(Petersen)Buisman、3株多寄主疫霉Phytophthora plurivora T.Jung&T.I.Burgess、2株聚疫霉Phytophthora gregata T.Jung,M.J.C.Stukely&T.I.Burgess和2株Phytophthora sp.1。将前4种疫霉接种离体野苹果叶片后,发现它们均产生病斑,其中湖沼疫霉在离体叶片上产生的病症最为明显。[结论]新疆野苹果林中具有多种疫霉菌,且所鉴定的4种疫霉菌均对野苹果叶片有一定的致病性。
[Objective]To survey the diseases caused by Phytophthora in wild apple forests in Xinyuan county and Gongliu county of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region aiming at isolating and identifying Phytophthora species,evaluating the pathogenicity of these species,and providing information for finding out the causes of the decline of wild apple forest.[Method]Phytophthora species were surveyed by the method of collecting samples of suspected Phytophthora diseases,baiting techniques from streams and soils in the wild apple forest in Xinyuan county and Gongliu county on the north slope of the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang.The pure isolates of Phytophthora spp.were obtained through selective medium and subculturing.Then these isolates were classified and identified by morphological observation combined with rDNA-ITS sequence analysis,and the pathogenicity of the identified Phytophthora species was determined by in vitro leaf inoculation test.[Result]Based on morphological characteristics and sequence analysis,a total of 88 Phytophthora isolates were identified from five species,including 65 isolates of Phytophthora lacustris Brasier,Cacciola,Nechwatal,Jung&Bakonyi,16 isolates of Phytophthora gonapodyides(Petersen)Buisman,3 isolates of Phytophthora plurivora T.Jung&T.I.Burgess,2 isolates of Phytophthora gregata T.Jung,M.J.C.Stukely&T.I.Burgess and 2 isolates of Phytophthora sp.1.The former four known Phytophthora species inoculated on the leaves of wild apples were found to produce lesions except for the control,and the most obvious symptoms were formed with the isolate of P.lacustris on the leaves.[Conclusion]The relatively richness of Phytophthora species were examined in Xinjing wild apple forest.And visible lesions on inoculated wild apple leaves were formed with four Phytophthora species,indicating their definite pathogenicity.
作者
程元
赵文霞
哈米提
林若竹
姚艳霞
薛寒
淮稳霞
CHENG Yuan;ZHAO Wen-xia;Hamiti;LIN Ruo-zhu;YAO Yan-xia;XUE Han;HUAI Wen-xia(The Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forest Protection,Research Institute of Forest Ecology,Environment and Protection,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;The Bureau of Natural Resources of Emin County,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Emin 834600,China)
出处
《林业科学研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第6期21-30,共10页
Forest Research
基金
国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0501503)
国家自然科学基金项目(31470649)
林业微生物资源共享服务子平台运行与服务支撑(NIMR-2019-7)
关键词
野苹果林
疫霉种类
鉴定
致病性
wild apple forests
Phytophthora species
identification
pathogenicity
