摘要
本研究使用知觉场范式和倒置面孔范式来研究面孔知觉的年龄偏差效应,重复检验知觉场的大小能否作为面孔整体加工的指标,并在此基础上检验年龄偏差效应的整体加工解释。结果发现:(1)成人和儿童在加工正立面孔时的知觉场均大于加工倒置面孔时的知觉场;(2)在加工正立面孔时,成人加工本年龄面孔比加工他年龄面孔的知觉场更大。上述结果表明:(1)知觉场大小可以作为面孔整体加工的指标;(2)知觉场假设可以解释面孔知觉的年龄偏差效应。
The own-age bias refers to a phenomenon that people have higher face recognition performance on their own-age faces than other-age faces. Two reigning explanations for this phenomenon are the holistic processing theory and the empiricism. The holistic processing theory proposes that(1) People have stronger holistic processing on their own-age faces than other-age faces, and(2) Holistic processing is positively correlated with the ability of face recognition. Therefore, the stronger holistic processing results in better performance of own-age face recognition. While the empirical interpretation proposes that the primary reason for the own-age bias is that people acquire vast and deep recent experience according to contact with own-age peers. This recent experience produces obvious effect in a relatively short time window, showing that people are more sensitive to and have advantages of cognitive processing on own-age faces. These two interpretations can be combined together to constitute an integrated theoretical explanation. That is, people have high holistic processing on own-age faces because they have vast contact experience on own-age faces, which further causes higher face recognition performance on own-age faces. However, the explanation of the experience-based holistic processing on own-age bias provides less information about how this holistic processing works. Rossion(2008) proposed the perceptual field hypothesis to explore the nature of holistic processing of face. This hypothesis was preliminarily supported by Van Belle, Lefevre, & Rossion(2015) who developed a gazecontingent morphing approach. However, it is still uncertain whether the size of perceptual field can be an index for the strength of holistic processing. Also, when using the perceptual field size to evaluate the holistic processing, how does the own-age bias effect change? By using the gaze-contingent morphing approach and the inverted face paradigm, we tried to test two hypotheses:(1) If the perceptual field size can be an index to evalu
作者
李海峰
梁子峰
王哲
孙宇浩
Li Haifeng;Liang Zifeng;WangZhe;Sun Yiihao(School of Psychology,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou,350117;Department of Psychology,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou,310018)
出处
《心理科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第5期1076-1082,共7页
Journal of Psychological Science
基金
浙江省自然科学基金(LY19C090006)的资助
关键词
面孔识别
年龄偏差
整体加工
知觉场
face recognition
own-age bias
holistic processing
perceptual field
