摘要
[目的]本文旨在评价耐盐碱砧木SA15和SA17对‘美乐’葡萄生长和果实品质的影响。[方法]以‘美乐’自根树和嫁接树为试材,于葡萄果实转色期开始进行复合盐碱灌溉处理,以正常生长条件为对照,测定其生长参数,Na^+、K^+、果实可溶性糖、有机酸、多酚及香气物质含量等品质指标,并对果实香气成分进行主成分分析。[结果]在盐碱处理下,‘美乐’自根树叶面积和节间直径较对照显著下降,砧木SA15和SA17嫁接树生长参数与对照无显著差异;SA15和SA17对叶片Na^+含量无显著影响,但显著提高了叶片K^+/Na^+比值。在正常生长条件下,SA15显著降低了果实可滴定酸含量,SA17提高了果糖含量;在盐碱处理下,SA15提高了果实可溶性固形物、葡萄糖和果糖含量,降低了滴定酸和酒石酸含量,而SA17则降低了可溶性固形物、葡萄糖、果糖和酒石酸含量。砧木SA15显著提高了盐碱处理下果实花色苷、总酚和黄烷醇含量,SA17提高了正常和盐碱处理下总酚含量。葡萄果实香气成分的主成分分析表明,在正常生长条件下,砧木SA17能显著影响‘美乐’葡萄香气;在盐碱处理下,砧木SA15和SA17对葡萄香气有不同的影响。[结论]砧木SA15和SA17缓解了盐碱处理对生长的抑制,砧木SA15嫁接有助于提高葡萄在盐碱处理下的果实品质。
[Objectives]This paper was aimed to evaluate the effects of the SA15 and SA17 rootstocks on‘Merlot’grapevine growth and berry quality. [Methods]The‘Merlot’ self-rooted and their grafted vines on SA15 and SA17 were used to be subjected to salt and alkali treatments,normal growth conditions as control,and the treatments began from veraison. The growth parameters,contents of K^+,Na^+,and the quality parameters including soluble sugars,organic acids,polyphenols and aroma volatiles were determined,and the aroma components of fruits were analyzed by principal component analysis. [Results]The leaf area and internodes diameter of ‘Merlot’ self-rooted vines were significantly decreased by salt and alkali treatments;in contrast,all of the detected growth parameters of grafted vines on SA15 and SA17 did not show significant difference under control and stress conditions. The content of Na^+ was not significantly affected by salt and alkali treatments but the ratio of K^+/Na^+was significantly enhanced. SA15 significantly reduced the titratable acidity of grape berries and SA17 enhanced fructose content under the normal conditions. In contrast,SA15 enhanced the content of soluble solids,glucose and fructose and decreased the titratable acidity and tartaric acid under the treatments of salt and alkali;however,SA17 decreased the content of soluble solids,glucose,fructose and tartaric acid. The total anthocyanins,total phenols and flavanols were significantly increased by SA15 under salt and alkali treatments;in contrast,total phenols alone was increased by SA17 under the normal and stress conditions. The principal component analysis indicated that SA17 largely increased aroma of ‘Merlot’ berries under the normal conditions;SA15 and SA17 imparted different effects on aroma under the treatments of salt and alkali. [Conclusions]Rootstocks SA15 and SA17 alleviated the growth inhibition caused by salt and alkali treatments and especially SA15 positively has contributed to the berry quality of grape.
作者
于昕
赵玉花
相广庆
杜远鹏
姚玉新
YU Xin;ZHAO Yuhua;XIANG Guangqing;DU Yuanpeng;YAO Yuxin(College of Horticulture Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018,China;Agricultural Office of Yinxiang Town,Shanghe County,Shandong Province,Jinan 251600,China)
出处
《南京农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第6期1022-1029,共8页
Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31872068)
山东省重点研发计划项目(2019GNC106149)
关键词
葡萄
砧木
盐碱处理
生长
果实品质
grapevine
rootstock
salt and alkali treatment
growth
berry quality
