摘要
关于中国近代史的论述最初是由西人进行的。1830年代,西人中的对华激进派通过对清朝排外政策及其弊害的强调,为武力侵华政策提供正当性证明,并在此基础上进行早期中西关系史的建构。西人这种政策论辩还导向对国际法与自然法、中西文明地位与价值的论述,同时鸦片问题也触及道德层面的思考,这些因素共同影响了西人对鸦片战争及其意义的阐释。与此相联系,他们将相关论述延伸到对清代社会形态与中国历史分期等问题的讨论,并以进步史观为依托,形成对中国历史未来走向的认识,中国近代早期以清朝“自强新政”为中心的变动在此种观念背景下得到评论与书写。上述论点与史观在19世纪后期到20世纪早期的一系列著作中,逐渐沉淀为具有较长远影响的早期中国近代史体系。
The narrative of Chinese early modern history was originally forged by Westerners. In the 1830 s,some aggressive Westerners emphasized the anti-foreign policy of the Qing and its disadvantages to justify their policy of military invasion of China and construct the historical narrative of the early Sino-Western relationship. Their justification also led to the discussion of international law and natural law,the status and value of the Chinese and Western civilizations,as well as the moral reflection of opium trade. These factors together influenced the Western interpretation of the Opium War and its meaning. They furthermore discussed the social form of the Qing and the periodization of Chinese history and understood the Chinese future in the vein of progressive history. The Chinese early modern history and the Self-strengthening Movement of the Qing were commented and narrated in this context. This historical perspective was crystalized in the works in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century and gradually forged the long-lasting historical narrative of early modern China.
出处
《近代史研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第6期79-101,F0003,共24页
Modern Chinese History Studies
