摘要
【目的】为了适应杂交稻精量穴直播的种植要求,设计了一种水稻内充气力式精量穴播排种器,阐述了排种器的工作原理.【方法】理论分析了排种器排种滚筒转速和负压气室真空度两个主要工作参数.以‘冈优898’杂交稻种为排种对象,对影响排种器排种性能的两个工作参数分别进行了单因素试验和双因素试验.【结果】单因素试验表明:随着排种滚筒转速的增大,排种器的空穴率、漏播率和重播率增大,穴粒数合格率减小;随着负压气室真空度的增大,排种器的漏播率减小,重播率增大,空穴率先减小后稳定于零,穴粒数合格率先增大后减小.双因素试验表明:排种器较优的工作参数组合范围为排种滚筒转速8~15 r/min、负压气室真空度1.0~1.3 kPa,在该参数区间内,排种器穴粒数合格率均不低于88.80%,漏播率均不高于2.40%,空穴率均不大于0.67%,(5~6)粒/穴率均低于9.60%,>6粒/穴率均不高于0.93%.【结论】该排种器在适宜的排种工况下能满足杂交稻穴直播的精量排种要求.
【Objective】 In order to meet the precision direct seeding requirements(2~4 seeds per hole) of hybrid rice in the field. 【Method】 A unique inside-filling pneumatic precision seed-metering device was designed. The working principle of the seed-metering device was described. Based on the theoretical analysis of seeding process,the two main working parameters,rotational speed of seeding cylinder and vacuum degree in vacuum gas chamber,were selected as the main influence factors of the metering device performance. The single-factor experiment and the double-factor experiment were carried out. 【Result】 The single factor experiment results indicated that with the increase of rotational speed of seeding cylinder,the cavity rate,miss-seeding rate and replay rate all increased,the qualified rate decreased. With the increase of vacuum degree in vacuum gas chamber,the miss-seeding rate decreased,the replay rate increased,the cavity rate stabilized at 0 after a decrease,the qualified rate first increased and then decreased. The double-factor experiment results indicated that the seeding performance of the seed-metering device was better when the rotational speed of seeding cylinder between 8 to 15 r/min and the vacuum degree in vacuum gas chamber between 1.0 and 1.3 kPa. All the qualified rates were more than 88.80%,all the miss-seeding rates were less than 2.40%,all the cavity rates were less than 0.67%,all the rates of 5 to 6 seeds per hole were less than 9.60%,and all the rates of more than 6 seeds per hole were less than 0.93%.【Conclusion】 The indoor bench test indicated that the seeding quality of the seed-metering device met the precision direct seeding requirements of hybrid rice in the field under suitable working parameter combination.
作者
张顺
杨继涛
李勇
廖娟
李兆东
朱德泉
ZHANG Shun;YANG Ji-tao;LI Yong;LIAO Juan;LI Zhao-dong;ZHU De-quan(College of Engineering,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China;Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Machinery Equipment,Hefei 230036,China)
出处
《甘肃农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第5期182-190,共9页
Journal of Gansu Agricultural University
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51805005)
安徽省科技重大专项(17030701040)
安徽省高校科学研究项目(KJ2018A0134)
安徽农业大学青年科学基金重点项目(2016ZR009)
关键词
内充气力式
精量穴播
排种器
排种性能
inside-filling pneumatic type
precision hill-drop
seed-metering device
seeding performance
