摘要
目的通过对甘肃省50岁以上人群进行调查,了解群众对白内障的认知现状,为提高手术及时率提供有针对性的数据。方法 2016年,采用分层整群抽样方法,选取甘肃省21个调查点,对调查点辖区内≥50岁的常住居民进行问卷调查和眼部检查。结果共调查7 560名50岁以上居民,白内障患病率为39.67%,确诊的白内障患者中白内障手术率为15.81%。约15.00%的人不知道白内障,知道白内障的人中仅56.91%的人知道白内障治疗方法,24.01%的人知道白内障手术治疗时机。白内障知晓率在性别、民族、职业、地区间差异有统计学意义(χ^2值分别为4.209、219.611、295.771、461.599,P值均<0.05)。教育程度、收入和年龄与白内障知晓率存在线性关系(χ^2值分别为376.126、124.464、24.175,P值均<0.05)。确诊的白内障患者对白内障的知晓率低于非白内障人群(χ^2=57.891,P<0.05),对白内障治疗方法知晓率差异无统计学意义(χ^2=0.712,P>0.05)。白内障的相关知识来源主要为眼科医生和其他白内障患者。结论甘肃省50岁以上人群白内障知晓率不高,白内障患者与非白内障人群的知晓率差异不大。其他白内障患者的同伴教育对于白内障知识的普及至关重要。建议50岁以上人群每年进行眼科体检,同时加强眼健康知识宣教。
Objective Through a survey of people aged ≥50 years old in Gansu,to understand the general public’s awareness of cataract,take effective measures to improve the timely rate of cataract surgery.Methods Stratified cluster sampling was adopted to select 21 survey sites in Gansu,and the permanent residents ≥50 years old were investigated through questionnaire survey and eye examination.Results A total of 7 560 people aged 50 and above were investigated,with the cataract prevalence rate was 39.67% and the cataract surgery rate was 15.81% among the diagnosed cataract patients.About 15% of the population did not know about cataract,only 56.91% of the population knew about cataract treatment methods,and 24.01% knew about the timing of cataract surgery.There were differences in the awareness rate of cataract among gender,nationality,occupation and region(χ^2=4.209,219.611,295.771,461.599,P<0.05).There were the linear trend between education,income and age in cataract awareness rate(χ^2=376.126,124.464,24.175,P<0.05).The awareness rate of cataract patients was lower than that of non-cataract patients(χ^2=57.891,P<0.05),and there was no difference in the awareness rate of cataract treatment methods(χ^2=0.712,P>0.05).The main sources of knowledge about cataract were ophthalmologists and other cataract patients.Conclusion The awareness rate of cataract is not high among people aged ≥50 years in Gansu,and there is little difference between cataract patients and non-cataract people.Peer education of other cataract patients is crucial the popularization of cataract knowledge.It is suggested that people aged ≥50 years should have annual ophthalmic examination and strengthen the education of eye health knowledge.
作者
杜宁
陈盛举
吴鹏程
张栋彦
DU Ning;CHEN Sheng-ju;WU Peng-cheng;ZHANG Dong-yan(Lanzhou University Second Hospital,Lanzhou,Gansu 730030,China)
出处
《中国公共卫生管理》
2019年第5期651-656,共6页
Chinese Journal of Public Health Management
基金
甘肃省重大疾病课题(201502)
关键词
白内障
认知
流行病学
健康宣教
cataract
awareness
epidemiology
health education
