摘要
目的 分析2017年唐山市私营企业噪声作业工人高频听力损失状况及高频听力损失危险因素。方法 随机抽取唐山市2017年私营企业5 410名噪声作业工人高频听力检查资料,对其接触工龄、企业规模及行业特征进行分析。结果 工人高频听力损失检出率9.2%,高频平均听阈值中位数25.0(3.0~100.0)dB(A);不同企业规模和行业类型高频听力损失检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同工龄、企业规模、行业类型高频平均听阈中位数比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);接触工龄≥6年、中型和小型企业、电气机械业、非金属矿物制品业、黑色金属冶炼业、金属制品业、石油煤炭加工业、通用设备制造业、橡胶和塑料制品业相对于参照组均可增加噪声作业工人高频听力损失的发病风险(均OR>1,均P<0.05)。结论 2017年唐山市私营企业噪声作业工人高频听力损失状况不容乐观,噪声可引起工人高频听力损失,应根据相关危险因素特征,加强对长工龄工人、中小型企业和重点行业噪声危害管理。
Objective To analyze t he status of high frequency hearing loss of noise-exposed workers in private enterprises of Tangshan City in 2017,explore the risk factors of high frequency hearing loss.Methods The high frequency hearing examination data of 5410 noise-exposed workers in private enterprises of Tangshan City in 2017 were randomly selected,and their noise exposure service life,enterprise scale and industry characteristics were analyzed.Results The detection rate of high frequency hearing loss in workers was 9.2%.The median of high frequency average hearing threshold was 25.0(3.0-100.0)dB(A).There were statistically significant differences in high frequency hearing loss detection rates among different enterprise sizes and industries(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the median of high frequency average hearing threshold among different working years,enterprise scale and industries(P<0.05).Among the factors in this study,working≥6 years,medium and small enterprises,electrical machinery industry,non-metallic mineral products industry,ferrous metal smelting industry,metal products industry,petroleum and coal processing industry,general equipment manufacturing industry,rubber and plastic products industry were risk factors for high frequency hearing loss of workers in noisy jobs compared with the reference group(all OR>1,all P<0.05).Conclusion The status of high frequency hearing loss of noise-exposed workers in private enterprises of Tangshan City in 2017 is not optimistic.Noise causes high frequency hearing loss of workers.According to the characteristics of risk factors,it is necessary to strengthen the management of noise hazards of long service workers,medium and small sized enterprises and key industry.
作者
艾进颖
封小东
柳建强
王玉君
AI Jin-ying;FENG Xiao-dong;LIU Jian-qiang;WANG Yu-jun(Occupational Environment Department,Tangshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Tangshan Hebei,063000,China;Supervision Department,Lubei Health Inspection Institute,Tangshan Hebei,063000,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2019年第18期2465-2468,共4页
Occupation and Health
基金
河北省卫生计生委2018年度医学科学研究重点课题计划（20181380)
关键词
噪声
私营企业
高频听力
危险因素
Noise
Private enterprise
High frequency hearing
risk factors
