摘要
目的通过对国内1979～2000年发表的生产性噪声对工人听力影响的研究结果进行Meta分析,用不同强度的噪声暴露与听力损失的关系作剂量-效应分析,探讨噪声对人听力作用的规律,为制定我国噪声卫生标准提供依据。方法《中国生物医学文献数据库》及《中文生物医学期刊文献数据库》相关文献进行分析。计数资料按资料同质采用固定效应模型的MantelHaenszel(MH)法或Peto法,资料异质用DL法;计量资料分别采用Winner法或Stouffer法,并比较不同方法结果的一致性。结果噪声可以导致高频和语频听力损失,随着接触水平增加,听力损失的危险性增加,存在剂量-效应关系。合并的听力损失危险度在85～90dB(A)上升很快。随着工龄增加,听力损失患病率也增加。结论根据研究结果和我国实际情况,噪声标准中接触限值(8h接触)定在85dB(A)为宜。
Objective Through documental meta-analysis of the effect of noise on hearing loss published since 1979,to analyze the dose-response relationship between noise exposure and hearing loss,and provide criteria for establishing hygienic standard. Methods Related documents in CBMDISC and CMCC were analyzed.Different methods of analysis were used according to the quality of materials:Mantel-Haenszel(M-H)or Peto methods of the regular effect model for homogeneous count materials,D-L method for the heterogeneous count materials,and Winner or Stouffer methods for measurement data.The consensus of results from different methods was compared. Results Noise can induce hearing loss under high frequency and speech frequency.The risk of hearing loss rises with the increase of noise exposure showing dose-response relationship.The risk of combined hearing loss rises significantly at the level of 85^(90 dB).The prevalence of hearing loss increases with the increase of working age. Conclusions According to results obtained and the realistic situation in China,it is appropriate to set the threshold limit of noise exposure at 85 dB(A)(8 hours exposure per day).
出处
《工业卫生与职业病》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第4期214-218,共5页
Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases
