摘要
当前,水源地正面临面积缩减、功能退化、水土流失以及水体污染、水质恶化等严峻问题。作为重要的环境资源,森林对于保护水源地、实现水资源可持续发展有着重要的作用。水源涵养林作为具有特殊意义的森林,可有效恢复受损和退化的水源地及其生态系统功能。综合国内外对森林水文响应的研究进展和成果,森林对水源地保护与生态修复的具体体现有:涵养水源,维持水量;拦截洪水,削减洪峰,降低洪水发生频率;森林特别是天然林能够减少水土流失,减沙除淤,储存降水;过滤、净化和吸收水体中的泥沙、地表营养元素和有机污染物,改善和净化水质。基于上述,以期为水源地保护与生态修复工程提供理论依据和参考。
Throughout the ages,the domestic and foreign scholars have conducted massive theoretical and practical researches on water sources to solve the problems affecting the sustainable development of water resources,such as area shrink,function degradation,water and soil loss,water pollution and water quality deterioration.Have obtained rich abundant achievements and valuable experience.Forests is one of the important environmental resources of human existence and development,have strong ecological,economic,and social benefits.According to previous researches,forests can play a significant role in protecting water resources and realizing water resources sustainable development.Water conservation forest is regarded as a forest that is a special kind of protection forests,which is an ecological restoration measure to effectively recover the damaged and degraded water source and its ecosystem function.This paper reviews the research progress and achievements of forest hydrological responses,summarizes the function of forests to water source protection and ecological restoration.To be more specific,forests can conserve and maintain water resource,moreover,it can intercept and cut down floods,also reduce flood frequencies.Then,forests,especially natural forests can accommodate runoff,reduce soil erosion,sands,and sediment.Furthermore,forests can filter,purify,and assimilate of surface nutrients and organic pollutants in water,improve water quality.Based on the above,the review is looking forward to providing theoretical basis and references for water source protections and ecological restoration projects.
作者
刘淑丽
李扬
郭晋平
LIU Shu-li;LI Yang;GUO Jin-ping(Environment Monitoring Center Station of Taiyuan,Taiyuan 030002,China;RocKontrol Technology Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100080,China;Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China)
出处
《环境生态学》
2019年第2期29-34,共6页
Environmental Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(30470316)
山西省林业科技创新项目(2016050)资助
关键词
森林生态系统
水源涵养林
水源地
生态修复
水源涵养
水土流失
forest ecosystem
water conservation forest
water source
ecological restoration
water conservation
water and soil loss
