摘要
以混凝土坝瞬间溃决为研究基础,分析了混凝土坝溃决时的溃口特征,比较研究了溃口横向溃决和垂向溃决时的溃口及大坝上、下游的水力学特征。结果表明:横向溃决和垂向溃决随着溃口面积的增大,溃口流量、流速和上、下游水位在最大值与变化趋势上都有明显的不同。在溃口面积相等的条件下,横向局部溃决比垂向局部溃决具有更大的溃口峰值流量和溃口流速,上、下游水位变化也更加突出,即横向溃决比垂向溃决具有更大的危害;溃口面积较小时,这种差别更明显。
The breach characteristics of concrete dam break under instantaneous break condition are analyzed.The hydraulic characteristics of breach and the flow at the upstream and downstream of dam under transverse break and vertical break are studied respectively.The results show that,with the increase of breach area,the flow rate and velocity of breach and the upstream and downstream water levels of dam have obvious different in the maximum magnitude and change law.Under the same area of breach,the peak flow rate and velocity of local transverse break are larger than these of the local vertical break,and the changes of upstream and downstream water level are also more prominent in local transverse break,that is,the transverse break is more harmful than vertical break.When the area of breach is smaller,these differences are more obvious.
作者
郭红民
张杨
柳滔
杨百银
马良
杨莹
GUO Hongmin;ZHANG Yang;LIU Tao;YANG Baiyin;MA Liang;YANG Ying(College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,Hubei,China;Guangxi Youjiang Water Conservancy Development Co.,Ltd.,Nanning 530000,Gaungxi,China;China Renewable Energy Engineering Institute,Beijing 100120,China)
出处
《水力发电》
北大核心
2019年第9期61-64,101,共5页
Water Power
关键词
瞬时溃决
溃口
横向溃决
垂向溃决
水力特性
instantaneous break
breach
transverse break
vertical break
hydraulic characteristics
