摘要
考察英美法的司法实践,可以发现立法背景资料经历了从不被接受到被接受再到限制适用等阶段。作为一种发生学论据,立法背景资料和文义解释、体系解释、意图解释和目的解释等具体解释方法存在着密切的关系。为了从立法背景资料中获致可靠、妥当的解释结论,法官应该综合考量效力位阶、证据属性、文义优先原则、制定法的存续期间等因素。囿于意图缺失和出释入造、司法误判、选择性偏差等问题,这些资料宜作为法院确定系争词语之含义的出发点而非终点。中国的司法实践已经形成了一些经验性做法,但依然存在解释功能单一且偏重语义直觉、综合模式未成形且存在选择性偏见、忽视价值选择且误判裁量空间等问题,有待予以改进。
In Anglo-American law,the use of legislative history has undergone Pattern of Never to Patterns of Limited Usage.As a kind of genetic argument,there are complex relations between legislative history and literal interpretation,systematic interpretation,intentional interpretation and purposive interpretation.In practice,the judicial application of legislative history should base on the priority of semantic meaning principle,standards of evidence,order of authority,and the duration of statute.As a kind of non-official legal source,and due to the problems such as non-existence of legislative intent,selective application bias,and judicial error,legislative history should be the starting point,not the end point,for ascertaining the meaning of word(s)at issue.Although Chinese judges have some reflection on the function and status of legislative history,there are still some problems,such as single interpretation function and overemphasis on semantic intuition,unformed form of comprehensive model and selective bias,ignorance of evaluative choice and discretion abuse.
作者
王云清
WANG Yunqing(Xiamen University Law School)
出处
《法学家》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第1期72-86,192-193,共16页
The Jurist
基金
国家社科基金重大项目"社会主义核心价值观的司法贯彻机制研究"(17VHJ008)的阶段性研究成果
关键词
立法背景资料
立法后背景资料
法律解释
立法原意
认知启发式
Original Legislative Intent
Ppost-enactment Legislative History
Statutory Interpretation
Legislative History
Heuristic
