摘要
随着劳动力成本的增加,农作物的采收将逐步从人工采收过渡到机械采收,因此培育紧凑、矮化、果实成熟集中、耐密植、适宜机械化操作的新品种已成为作物遗传改良的主要目标。本文重点综述了不同物种 FT 及其同源基因对植物成花的调控功能,植株顶端的无限生长和有限生长的控制基因及其功能研究进展,以及通过基因编辑促进顶端成花进而导致植株顶端由无限营养生长转变为有限生殖生长,进一步介绍了通过多基因同时编辑的方法推动植物株型改变并培育新品种的成功案例。植株顶端成花和有限生长的特性可以促进果实的统一成熟,为适宜机械化采收的株型育种提供理论支持和实践指导。
With the increase of labor cost, there will be a gradually transition for the harvesting of fruits and vegetables from manual harvesting to mechanical harvesting. Therefore, developing new compact and mechanical harvest plant varieties with synchronized ripening period has become the main target of genetic improvement. This review summarized the flower development related genes, especially FT and homologous genes controlling the indeterminate and determinate growth at the top of the main stem of plants, and the successful breeding model of promoting the apical flower formation using the CRISPR/CAS9 gene editing system, which leads to the transformation of the top of the main stem into flower development and stops continuing to grow. In addition, gene editing of multiple genes relating to plant apical structure and fruit characters were successfully used for new cultivar development. Apical flower and determinate growth can promote the synchronized fruit ripening and faciliate mechanical harvest, which would provide a theoretical and practical guidance for the future breeding alternating plant structure or plant type.
作者
郭品品
任钢
李重
曾少华
德塔娜
王瑛
GUO Pinpin;REN Gang;LI Zhong;ZENG Shaohua;DE Tana;WANG Ying(South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences / Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Sciences / Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510650, China;Haixi Institute of Agricultural Science, Delingha, Qinghai 817000, China;Bryel Goji Stock Co., Ltd., Yinchuan, Ningxia 750200, China)
出处
《热带作物学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第10期2016-2021,共6页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
基金
宁夏农业综合开发科技项目(No.NTKJ2018-07)
海西州“基层科普行动计划”项目
关键词
株型
开花
有限生长
基因编辑
plant type
flowering time
determinate growth
gene editing
