摘要
在人工智能时代,个人、企业和政府面临着人工智能所带来的伦理、法律与社会治理冲击,由此引发"修昔底德困局"。由于人工智能高度依赖算法和数据,因此在法律治理层面导致数据匿名化难题、算法权力制衡难题、敏感数据保护难题和法律场景异化难题。人工智能法律治理的困境破解应从构建具有中国特色的伦理标准体系和完善法律规制着手,及时搭建与以人工智能技术为主导的经济社会相适应的上层建筑。具体包括确立"以人为本"人工智能伦理观、创设数据主体反自动化权和自我决定权、赋予算法透明性与数据匿名化处理义务、构建人工智能监管机制等方面。发挥人类主体和人工智能各自优势,处理好法律与技术的关系,以期"美美与共"为人类福祉做出贡献。
In the era of artificial intelligence,individuals,enterprises,and governments all face the impact of artificial intelligence on ethics,law,and social governance,which leads to the "Dilemma of Thucydides".Because artificial intelligence is highly dependent on algorithms and huge amounts of data,which leads to problems such as data anonymization,balance of algorithm power,sensitive data protection and alienation of legal scene.The solution to the dilemma of legal governance of artificial intelligence should start from constructing an ethical standard system with Chinese characteristics and perfecting legal regulations,and timely build a superstructure that is compatible with the economic society dominated by artificial intelligence technology.Specifically,it includes establishing the "people-oriented" artificial intelligence ethics,creating data subject's anti-automation right and self-determination right,granting algorithm transparency and data anonymization processing obligations and constructing the artificial intelligence supervision mechanism.We should take advantage of the respective advantages of human subjects and artificial intelligence,properly handle the relationship between law and technology,and look forward to contributing to the well-being of human beings.
作者
张建文
潘林青
ZHANG Jian-wen;PAN Lin-qing(School of Civil and Commercial Law,Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120,China)
出处
《科技与法律》
CSSCI
2019年第5期43-52,共10页
Science Technology and Law
基金
2019年重庆市研究生科研创新项目“个人敏感信息保护制度研究”（CYB19138）
2019年共青团中央“青少年发展研究”课题资助重点项目“未成年人网络空间权益保护机制研究——以最高院发布的利用互联网侵犯未成年人权益的10起典型案例为基础展开”
2019年上海司法智库重大课题“人工智能产品法律责任研究”
关键词
人工智能
数据保护
算法权力
数据匿名化
人格尊严
artificial intelligence
data protection
algorithm power
data anonymization
personal dignity
