摘要
人类增强技术在有望治疗人类所面临的一系列严重疾病、增强人类能力的同时,也产生了一系列亟待思考的社会、伦理和法律问题。从伦理反思的角度来看,人类增强技术的应用主要面临三方面的异议:首先,这种应用破坏了我们对医疗的传统目的的理解;第二,它在某种意义上挑战了人类生活中的一系列重要价值;第三,使用这种技术来干预人性是在“扮演上帝”。尽管这些批评提出了生物技术的应用中值得认真考虑的一些问题,但它们在某种程度上也是来自对一些相关问题的误解。一旦这些误解得到澄清,在确保能够用明确的伦理准则来制约基因技术的应用的情况下,我们无需对基因技术的应用采取全盘否定的态度。但是,在尝试应用这种技术时,我们必须充分重视人类生命的复杂性及其独特的重要性,确保这种应用不会破坏人类生活的基本形式以及相关的人类价值。
Human enhancement technology gives rise to a series of social, ethical and legal issues that call for our attention and thinking, whereas its application can be expected to cure some serious or fatal human diseases. From the perspective of ethical reflection, the application in question is mainly faced with three important objections: first, it undermines the end of medicine as traditionally conceived;second, it challenges a series of significant human values;third, it is“ playing God” to intervene in human nature by using enhancement technology. This paper is aimed to show that these criticisms are to some extent based on misconception of some relevant issues, even though they do put forward some questions which must be taken seriously. Once such misunderstandings are clarified or removed, it is not necessary to reject ultimately the possible application of genetic technology so long as ethical rules or maxims can be explicitly advanced to govern this kind of application. However, in trying to make use of genetic technology, a close attention must be paid to the complexity and unique importance of human life so as to assure that the basic forms of human life and related human values would not be destroyed accordingly.
出处
《哲学分析》
CSSCI
2019年第5期4-29,196,共27页
Philosophical Analysis
基金
浙江大学社会科学研究院规划项目“认知科学视角下的道德心理学研究”以及浙江大学“双脑计划”项目“价值与认知”团队的支持和资助
关键词
生物医学工程
增强
人性
进化
bio-medical engineering
enhancement
human nature
evolution
