摘要
敏捷软件开发中常用用户故事表达需求:用户故事讲述了具体的用户角色希望软件完成的功能.系统新版本的需求常常来自多个用户故事的整合.随着版本的迭代,不断会有新的用户故事出现.用户故事的迭代式管理和整合是敏捷开发成功的关键.为帮助开发者掌握项目的用户故事需求,提出人机协作的用户故事理解、整合和管理方法,支持需求的迭代更新.具体而言,提出用户故事元模型和带场景细粒度描述的用户故事表示,从故事描述、功能特征属性以及场景 3 个维度表达用户故事.便于开发者理解用户故事所表达的功能需求.提出基于元模型的用户故事理解,以及用户故事表达元素的自动提取方法.提出人机协同式用户故事整合方法,使用功能场景图辅助开发者确定用户故事间的关联关系.提出基于功能场景图的用户故事迭代更新方法.案例研究展示了方法的可行性.
User stories are widely used in agile development projects. Every user story tells what the user/customer wants the system to do. However, a user story can only contain a small piece of the requirements but not the whole business logic. That means that when the customers submit user stories, the developers need to combine them together according to the relationships among them for producing or updating the system requirements. That is very tedious, time-consuming, and error-prone. This study proposes a human-machine collaborative approach to support the user story understanding and system functional requirements generation. This approach proposes to include the scenarios as the fine-grained representation of user stories and presents a feature-scenario model to capture the elements of user stories in three dimensions, i.e., the story description, the function attributes, and the scenarios. It designs a three-step algorithm to accept the submission of user stories, extract the features of each user story, and construct its functional scenario. As there are relationships among different user stories, it defines three types of correlative relations among them based on the functional scenarios. With the help of the customers, it supports the measurement and the identification of these relations and then constructs the system’s view of the functional requirements. It is also applicable when obtaining new user stories for tolerating the requirements evolution. A case study shows the feasibility of this approach.
作者
王春晖
金芝
赵海燕
刘璘
张伟
崔牧原
WANG Chun-Hui;JIN Zhi;ZHAO Hai-Yan;LIU Lin;ZHANG Wei;CUI Mu-Yuan(School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technology of Ministry of Education (Peking University), Beijing 100871, China;School of Software, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;College of Computer Science and Technolgoy, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010020, China)
出处
《软件学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第10期3186-3205,共20页
Journal of Software
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)(2015CB352201)
国家自然科学基金(61620106007,61751210,61272163,61432020,61690200)~~
关键词
敏捷需求工程
用户故事
需求抽取
需求迭代演进
用户故事关系挖掘
agile requirements engineering
user story
requirements elicitation
requirement evolution
user story relation mining
