摘要
地处我国西南地区的长江上游蕴藏了丰富的水能资源和鱼类多样性。本文以鱼类的保护为目标,对金沙江流域现有的36个与湿地相关的自然保护区和5个国家级水产种质资源保护区的保护情况进行了分析评估。本研究在系统收集了流域内181种和亚种鱼类的采集地及其环境特征的基础上,对其中分布较为广泛的73种鱼类,通过物种分布模型预测了其在流域内的分布;而未能成功预测分布区的3种鱼类和分布区狭窄的105种鱼类则直接使用其采集地作为其分布。结合金沙江流域内41个保护区的区位,通过保护区和鱼类分布区的空间关系计算了鱼类栖息地的受保护比例。结果显示,尽管金沙江流域已有保护区数量多、面积大,各级保护和金沙江特有鱼类的保护情况稍好,但181种鱼类的平均栖息地受保护比例仅有19.7%,且栖息地完全未受到保护的鱼类多达50种,占比高达27.6%。这一结果充分揭示了目前金沙江流域与鱼类相关的保护区数量较少以及鱼类受保护情况十分不均衡的现状。为实现鱼类多样性的有效保护,系统规划金沙江流域的保护区设置是十分必要的。
The upper Yangtze River contains tremendous hydropower resources and abundant fish diversity.Focused on fish conservation,this research evaluated conservation status of 36 wetlands related Nature Reserves and five National Aquatic Germplasm Reserves.A total of 181 fish species and subspecies were included in this research based on systematic collecting fish occurrences and environment data.The distribution of 73 widespread species were estimated with species distribution model;distributions of three fail-to-model species and 105 narrow distributed species were allocated according to their occurrences.With localities of all 41 protected area,this research calculated the protected ratio of fish habitats through spatial analysis.Endangered and endemic species have better conservation status.Despite numerous protected areas are large,average conservation ratio of all 181 fishes was only 19.7%.And there are still 50 fishes neglected by protected areas,which is 27.6% of species in this research.This result adequately reveals that protected areas related to fish conservation are not sufficient in the Jinsha River basin,and fish conservation are imbalance.Systematic planning of protected areas in this region are necessary for effective fish conservation in the future.
作者
孙赫英
薛联芳
姜昊
陈毅峰
SUN Heying;XUE Lianfang;JIANG Hao;CHEN Yifeng(Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China;General Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Planning and Design,Ministry of Water Resources,Beijing 100120,China)
出处
《环境影响评价》
2019年第5期55-58,共4页
Environmental Impact Assessment
基金
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDB31000000)
第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究和中国科学院特色研究所服务项目(支撑长江经济带可持续发展的生态环境保护战略对策研究)
关键词
金沙江流域
鱼类保护
物种分布模型
Maxent模型
保护区评价
the Jinsha River basin
fish conservation
species distribution model
Maxent model
protected area evaluation
