摘要
为探索不同切碎方式对饲用苎麻青贮品质影响,试验Ⅰ以饲用苎麻和饲用玉米为青贮原料,分别进行切碎、切碎揉丝和揉丝3种不同切碎处理,每个处理设6个重复组,使用全自动MK-5050型青贮打包机进行打包,在室温下储存70 d,之后进行感官评定及营养成分检测分析。试验结果表明:采用不同切碎方式处理对青贮化学成分中的干物质、脂肪、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、粗蛋白等无显著影响(P>0.05),对有机酸含量、灰分、氨态氮(NH4+-N)有显著影响(P<0.05),采用切揉处理乳酸含量最高,占总酸总量达到84.7%,乙酸、丁酸含量极低,且采用切揉处理氨态氮含量最低仅为0.03%。综合来看,采用切揉处理方式青贮饲料青贮品质最优。为探索不同青贮时间对青贮品质影响,在试验Ⅰ结果基础上,试验Ⅱ将相同原料配方进行切揉处理,采用相同的打包方式,在室温下分别储存40,70,100 d,分为3个处理组,每个处理组设6个重复,最后进行取样检测分析。试验表明:不同青贮时间对青贮pH值影响不显著(P>0.05),对粗蛋白、灰分、丙酸和丁酸影响显著(P<0.05),其中40 d组乳酸占总酸比重达到84.8%,乙酸占总酸比重为14.6%,70 d组乳酸占总酸比重为82.7%,乙酸占总酸比重为15.5%,而100 d组时乳酸占总酸比重下降至79.4%,乙酸占总酸比重上升至19.9%。试验结果表明青贮时间过长乳酸占总酸比重呈缓慢下降趋势,乙酸占总酸比重呈上升趋势,过长青贮时间可能会降低青贮饲料的品质。
In order to explore the effect of different mechanical processes on the forage quality of feeding-ramie,at a ratio of 1∶1,the whole-plant feeding-ramie mixed with corn of milk-matured stage was chosen to process with cutting and smashing,smashing,cutting respectively.Then the materials were packed with fullautomatic MK-5050 silage baler.Finally these silage bags were preserved in thermostatic laboratory and opened 70 days later.The results showed that there were no evident effects for different mechanical processes on DM content,NDF content,CP content,and etc(P>0.05).The highest content of lactic acid was 84.7%,which was achieved by cutting and rubbing treatment group.And the contents of acetic acid,butyric acid and ammonia nitrogen were extremely low.In summary,the cutting and rubbing process method was optimal for the quality of feeding-ramie silage.In order to explore the effect of different silage time on silage quality of feeding-ramie,based on the results of experiment 1,experiment II was conducted.The same test materials were cut and kneaded directly,after the same packaging process,stored at thermostatic laboratory for 40 days,70 days,and 100 days,respectively.The test was divided into three treatment groups,each treatment group was set to six repetitions.The experiments showed that:silage time had significant influence on crude protein,ash,propionic acid and butyric acid(P<0.05).In the 40-days group,the proportion of lactic acid of total acid was 84.8%,acetic acid was 14.6%;in the 70-days group,the proportion of lactic acid in total acid was 82.7%,acetic acid was 15.5%;in the 100-days group,the proportion lactic acid in total acid decreased to 79.4%,acetic acid rose to 19.9%.The test results showed that the proportion of lactic acid in the total acid showed a significant downward trend,and the proportion of acetic acid in the total acid showed an upward trend in the 100-days group.Eecessively long silage time might impair the quality of the silage.
作者
刘佳杰
马兰
周韦
向伟
吕江南
LIU Jia-jie;MA Lan;ZHOU Wei;XIANG Wei;LYU Jiang-nan(The Institute of Bast Fiber Crops,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha,410205,China)
出处
《江西农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第4期773-780,共8页
Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis
基金
国家麻类产业技术体系初加工机械化岗位(CARS-19-E21)
科技部中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目南方经济作物栽培与收获技术(CAAS-ASTIP-2018-IBFC)~~
关键词
饲用苎麻
切碎方式
青贮时间
青贮品质
feeding ramie
cutting methods
silage time
silage quality
