摘要
依据玉米产量选取高、中、低产田进行剖面调查和取样测定,揭示风沙土区高、中、低产田土壤剖面基础性质差异特征。结果表明,不同生产力风沙土区玉米产量差异较大,高、中、低产田速效氮磷钾差异主要表现在表土层和稳定层,表土层碱解氮含量为高产田>中产田>低产田,高产田含量是中产田的1.64倍,低产田仅为37.3 mg/kg。在稳定层速效磷差异明显,变化范围为7.66~27.3 mg/kg,高产田比中产田速效磷高出77.0个百分点。从整个剖面来看,在高、中、低产田中土壤有机质含量为高产田>中产田>低产田,全氮与有机质变化趋势相似。在表土层和稳定性高产田的全磷高于中、低产田,表土层中产田高于低产田。全钾在剖面差异不明显,剖面土壤属性间存在着较好的线性相关。在东北风沙土玉米种植区,高、中、低产田土壤基础性质差异主要发生在表土层和稳定层,改良中、低产田应该从培肥表土层和稳定层着手,表土层和稳定层施有机肥配施氮、磷肥是提高风沙土区玉米产量有效途径。
The fields with high,medium and low productivity were selected,and the basic properties of soil profile were measured.The results showed that there was a large difference in maize yield across potential productivity area,and the yield ranged from 4.23-10.45 mg/ha.The concentrations of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium differed in surface and subsurface.The available nitrogen content decreased as productivity decreased,in which high productivity was 1.64 times as medium one,and was only 37.3 mg/kg in the low productivity field.The available phosphorus content in subsurface ranged from 7.66 to 27.3 mg/kg,in which high productivity plot was 77.0%higher than that in medium one.As the whole profile,the concentration of soil organic matter was in order of high>medium>low productivity plots.The similar trend was observed in total nitrogen as soil organic matter.Total phosphorus in surface and subsurface layers from high productivity plot was higher than that in medium and low productivity plots.Total phosphorus in the surface of medium plots was higher than that in low productivity plots.Total potassium did not change with profile depth.In the Northeast Aeolian area,the difference in basic soil properties mainly occurred in surface and subsurface.Therefore,the improvement of medium and low yield fields should be focused on surface and subsurface layers.It is a favorable approach to apply organic manure,nitrogen and phosphorus to surface and subsurface layer to improve maize yield in Northeast Aeolian area.
作者
苗淑杰
赵红飞
乔云发
陆欣春
李琪
王铁成
MIAO Shu-jie;ZHAO Hong-fei;QIAO Yun-fa;LU Xin-chun;LI Qi;WANG Tie-cheng(Nanjing University of Information Sciences & Technology,Nanjing 270044;Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Harbin 150081;Soil and Fertilizer Management Station in Du Bert Mongol Autonomous County,Daqing 166200,China)
出处
《玉米科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第4期148-153,共6页
Journal of Maize Sciences
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项“东北平原风沙土区旱地合理耕层构建技术指标及集成示范”(201503116-03)
南京信息工程大学引进人才项目
关键词
玉米
东北风沙土
剖面
理化性质
Maize
Northeast Aeolian
Profile
Physico-chemical character
