摘要
通过盆栽方式进行水稻秸秆炭、水稻谷壳炭、果木木炭等3种生物质炭比较试验,每盆土壤15kg,参照大田用量模式设置了5、10、20、40t/hm^24个秸秆炭水平,20、40t/hm^22个谷壳炭与木炭水平,研究不同处理对水稻生长及土壤养分的影响。结果表明,3种生物质炭在一定范围内都能促进水稻干物质积累和产量形成,以秸秆炭效果最好。不同秸秆炭施用量比较,干物质量和产量呈先增后降趋势,在20t/hm^2时达到最高,生物量较不施炭对照提高51.45%,谷粒产量增加72.55%。施用谷壳炭以40t/hm^2效果较好,产量提高60.52%。施用20t/hm^2木炭有提高地上部生物量与产量的作用,但增加至40t/hm^2则明显降低。适量施用生物质炭能够增加土壤中速效氮磷钾和总养分含量,以秸秆炭效果最好,谷壳炭次之,木炭最差。木炭的碳含量高达74.28%,过量施用显著降低土壤速效氮磷钾含量,对水稻生长不利。
Three kinds of biochar including straw charcoal,husk charcoal and charcoal were compared by pot experiment.Four levels of straw charcoal including 5 t/hm^2,10 t/hm^2,20 t/hm^2,40 t/hm^2,and two levels of husk charcoal and charcoal including 20 t/hm^2,40 t/hm^2 were set up to study the effects of different treatments on rice growth and soil nutrients.The results showed that three kinds of biomass charcoal promoted dry matter accumulation and yield formation of rice in a certain range,and straw charcoal had the best effect.Compared with the control,the dry matter and yield of straw increased at first and then decreased,reaching the highest at 20 t/hm^2.The biomass and grain yield increased by 51.45% and 72.55%,respectively.40 t/hm 2 was the best application of husk charcoal,and the yield was increased by 60.52%.The application of 20 t/hm^2 charcoal increased biomass and yield,but application increased to 40 t/hm^2 decreased biomass and yield significantly.Appropriate application of biomass charcoal could increase the content of available nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and total nutrients in soil,with straw charcoal as the best,followed by husk charcoal and charcoal.Carbon content of charcoal was up to 74.28%.Excessive application can significantly reduce the content of available nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in soil,which is unfavorable to rice growth.
作者
陈芳
张康康
谷思诚
刘婷
袁金展
胡立勇
CHEN Fang;ZHANG Kangkang;GU Sicheng;LIU Ting;YUAN Jinzhan;HU Liyong(National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Centre of Crop Science/College of Plant Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)
出处
《华中农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第5期57-63,共7页
Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University
基金
湖北省农业科技创新项目
华中农业大学一流学科建设培育项目
