摘要
养殖水体浮游细菌群落与对虾健康状态息息相关.本研究基于16S rRNA高通量测序技术手段比较了凡纳滨对虾病害发生前后病害趋向塘与健康塘的浮游细菌群落多样性、组成及关键类群互作关系的动态变化.结果表明:对虾发病前,病害趋向养殖水体浮游细菌群落Shannon指数显著低于健康养殖水体,且呈现持续下降的趋势;伴随疾病爆发,病害趋向养殖水体浮游细菌群落结构离散程度显著增大,群落稳定性较差;发病前,病害趋向塘养殖水体中绿弯菌门、δ-变形菌纲和Saccharibacteria平均相对丰度均显著高于健康水体,而拟杆菌门显著低于健康水体;部分病害指示OTU隶属于弧菌科及黄杆菌科,隶属于红杆菌科的OTU1是发病前健康塘的健康指示OTU.网络分析表明,大多数与OTU1存在相互作用的指示OTUs属于黄杆菌科,说明黄杆菌科在对虾养殖水体浮游细菌群落中扮演重要角色.鉴于以上结果,对虾发病可能与多种浮游细菌群落相关,当出现“生态位机会”时,条件致病菌快速繁殖进而导致对虾发病,而保持和恢复细菌群落平衡可以成为预防对虾发病的有效策略.
The health status of shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is highly correlated with the bacterioplankton communities in aquaculture water. Here, the dynamics of bacterioplankton diversity, composition and the association within key taxa were investigated by 16S rRNA high throughput sequencing. The results showed that before the disease outbreak, the Shannon index of bacterioplankton in diseased trend ponds was significantly lower than that of the healthy ponds with a constant reduction. Accompanied by disease outbreaks, the bacterioplankton of diseased ponds was distinct from that of the healthy ponds, with community characterized by lower temporal stability. Before the disease onset, the average relative abundance of Chloroflexi, Saccharibacteria, and δ proteobacteria in the diseased ponds were significantly higher than that in healthy ponds, while the change of Bacteroidetes was opposite. In addition, some disease indicated OTUs in the diseased ponds were affiliated with Vibriaceae and Flavobacteriaceae. OTU1 which belonged to Rhodobacteraceae was healthy indicator in healthy ponds before the disease outbreak. Results from the network analysis showed that most of the OTUs interacting with OTU1 belonged to the Flavobacteriaceae, which might play an important role in the bacterioplankton communities. Overall, the incidence of shrimp might be highly associated with a variety of bacterioplankton communities, and the opportunistic pathogens could rapidly multiply, leading to the incidence of shrimp when the “ecological niche opportunity” occurred. Preservation and restoration of bacterial community equilibrium would be an effective strategy for shrimp disease prevention.
作者
杜世聪
黄雷
杨坤杰
姚志远
陈和平
张德民
DU Shi-cong;HUANG Lei;YANG Kun-jie;YAO Zhi-yuan;CHEN He-ping;ZHANG De-min(Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China;School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China;The Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine HighEfficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo 315211,Zhejiang, China)
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第8期2456-2465,共10页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(31672658)
宁波市农业重大项目(2017C110001)
宁波市科技富民项目(2017C10045)
宁波大学自然科学基金(XYL17023)资助
